C Gunduz1,2, O K Basoglu2, J Hedner3,4, M R Bonsignore5,6, H Hein7, R Staats8, I Bouloukaki9, G Roisman10, A Pataka11, P Sliwinski12, O Ludka13,14, J L Pepin15, L Grote3,4. 1. From the, Department of Chest Diseases, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey. 2. Department of Chest Diseases, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. 3. Center for Sleep and Vigilance Disorders, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden. 4. Sleep Disorders Center, Pulmonary Department, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. 5. Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine (DiBiMIS), Section of Pneumology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. 6. CNR Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology, Palermo, Italy. 7. Sleep Disorders Center, St. Adolf Stift, Reinbeck, Germany. 8. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal. 9. Sleep Disorders Unit, Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece. 10. Sleep Disorders Center, Antoine-Beclere Hospital, Clamart, France. 11. Respiratory Failure Unit, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. 12. 2nd Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland. 13. Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic. 14. International Clinical Research Center, St. Ann's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic. 15. INSERM U1042, CHU de Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and hyperlipidaemia are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This study investigates the association between OSA and prevalence of hyperlipidaemia in patients of the European Sleep Apnea Database (ESADA) cohort. METHODS: The cross-sectional analysis included 11 892 patients (age 51.9 ± 12.5 years, 70% male, body mass index (BMI) 31.3 ± 6.6 kg/m2 , mean oxygen desaturation index (ODI) 23.7 ± 25.5 events/h) investigated for OSA. The independent odds ratio (OR) for hyperlipidaemia in relation to measures of OSA (ODI, apnoea-hypopnoea index, mean and lowest oxygen saturation) was determined by means of general linear model analysis with adjustment for important confounders such as age, BMI, comorbidities and study site. RESULTS: Hyperlipidaemia prevalence increased from 15.1% in subjects without OSA to 26.1% in those with severe OSA, P < 0.001. Corresponding numbers in patients with diabetes were 8.5% and 41.5%, P < 0.001. Compared with ODI quartile I, patients in ODI quartiles II-IV had an adjusted OR (95% CI) of 1.33 (1.15-1.55), 1.37 (1.17-1.61) and 1.33 (1.12-1.58) (P < 0.001), respectively, for hyperlipidaemia. Obesity was defined as a significant risk factor for hyperlipidaemia. Subgroups of OSA patients with cardio-metabolic comorbidities demonstrated higher prevalence of HL. In addition, differences in hyperlipidaemia prevalence were reported in European geographical regions with the highest prevalence in Central Europe. CONCLUSION: Obstructive sleep apnoea, in particular intermittent hypoxia, was independently associated with the prevalence of hyperlipidaemia diagnosis.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and hyperlipidaemia are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This study investigates the association between OSA and prevalence of hyperlipidaemia in patients of the European Sleep Apnea Database (ESADA) cohort. METHODS: The cross-sectional analysis included 11 892 patients (age 51.9 ± 12.5 years, 70% male, body mass index (BMI) 31.3 ± 6.6 kg/m2 , mean oxygen desaturation index (ODI) 23.7 ± 25.5 events/h) investigated for OSA. The independent odds ratio (OR) for hyperlipidaemia in relation to measures of OSA (ODI, apnoea-hypopnoea index, mean and lowest oxygen saturation) was determined by means of general linear model analysis with adjustment for important confounders such as age, BMI, comorbidities and study site. RESULTS: Hyperlipidaemia prevalence increased from 15.1% in subjects without OSA to 26.1% in those with severe OSA, P < 0.001. Corresponding numbers in patients with diabetes were 8.5% and 41.5%, P < 0.001. Compared with ODI quartile I, patients in ODI quartiles II-IV had an adjusted OR (95% CI) of 1.33 (1.15-1.55), 1.37 (1.17-1.61) and 1.33 (1.12-1.58) (P < 0.001), respectively, for hyperlipidaemia. Obesity was defined as a significant risk factor for hyperlipidaemia. Subgroups of OSA patients with cardio-metabolic comorbidities demonstrated higher prevalence of HL. In addition, differences in hyperlipidaemia prevalence were reported in European geographical regions with the highest prevalence in Central Europe. CONCLUSION:Obstructive sleep apnoea, in particular intermittent hypoxia, was independently associated with the prevalence of hyperlipidaemia diagnosis.