Mary O Hearst1, Fanny Jimbo-Llapa1, Katherine Grannon2, Qi Wang3, Marilyn S Nanney2, Caitlin E Caspi4. 1. St. Catherine University - Henrietta Schmoll School of Health, 2004 Randolph Ave, St. Paul, MN 55105. 2. University of Minnesota - Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Program in Health Disparities Research, 717 Delaware Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55454. 3. University of Minnesota - Clinical and Translational Science Institute, 717 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55414. 4. University of Minnesota - Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, 717 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Adolescents frequently miss breakfast which may impact cognitive, academic, and health outcomes. This analysis describes the effect of a trial to assess school level changes to increase breakfast consumption on grade point average (GPA). METHODS:Sixteen rural Minnesota high schools were randomized to a policy and environmental change intervention or delayed intervention (control) group. Baseline screening identified, randomly selected and enrolled 9th and 10th grade students who eat breakfast ≤3 times per school week for assessment. Mean unweighted GPA was provided by 13 schools for 636 students. Student-level and administrative data were used for sociodemographic and free or reduced-price meals (FRPM). Linear mixed models and latent class analysis (LCA) were used to assess change in GPA. RESULTS:Students were 54% female, 76% white, and 34% receivedFRPM. Unweighted cumulative GPA mean = 2.82 (0.78) at baseline. There was no significant intervention effect on GPA postintervention or 1-year follow-up. LCA revealed two classes: "higher" (N = 495) and "lower" (N = 141) resource. There was an intervention effect among low-resource students from baseline to 1-year post only among the control condition (delayed intervention). CONCLUSIONS: In combination with the full study results, increasing breakfast consumption may have an impact particularly for low resource students.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Adolescents frequently miss breakfast which may impact cognitive, academic, and health outcomes. This analysis describes the effect of a trial to assess school level changes to increase breakfast consumption on grade point average (GPA). METHODS: Sixteen rural Minnesota high schools were randomized to a policy and environmental change intervention or delayed intervention (control) group. Baseline screening identified, randomly selected and enrolled 9th and 10th grade students who eat breakfast ≤3 times per school week for assessment. Mean unweighted GPA was provided by 13 schools for 636 students. Student-level and administrative data were used for sociodemographic and free or reduced-price meals (FRPM). Linear mixed models and latent class analysis (LCA) were used to assess change in GPA. RESULTS: Students were 54% female, 76% white, and 34% received FRPM. Unweighted cumulative GPA mean = 2.82 (0.78) at baseline. There was no significant intervention effect on GPA postintervention or 1-year follow-up. LCA revealed two classes: "higher" (N = 495) and "lower" (N = 141) resource. There was an intervention effect among low-resource students from baseline to 1-year post only among the control condition (delayed intervention). CONCLUSIONS: In combination with the full study results, increasing breakfast consumption may have an impact particularly for low resource students.
Authors: Mary O Hearst; Jade Yang; Samantha Friedrichsen; Kathleen Lenk; Caitlin Caspi; Melissa N Laska Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-05-10 Impact factor: 3.390