Deepti Singhvi1, Jessica Bon2,3, Alison Morris2. 1. Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. singhvidg@upmc.edu. 2. Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. 3. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In the antiretroviral therapy era, people living with HIV (PLWH) are surviving to older ages. Chronic illnesses such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) occur more frequently. COPD is often described as a single entity, yet multiple manifestations may be considered phenotypes. HIV is an independent risk factor for certain COPD phenotypes, and mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of these phenotypes may differ and impact response to therapy. RECENT FINDINGS: Impaired diffusing capacity, airflow obstruction, and radiographic emphysema occur in PLWH and are associated with increased mortality. Age, sex, tobacco, and HIV-specific factors likely modulate the severity of disease. An altered lung microbiome and residual HIV in the lung may also influence phenotypes. COPD is prevalent in PLWH with multiple phenotypes contributing to the burden of disease. HIV-specific factors and the respiratory microbiome influence disease pathogenesis. As tobacco use remains a significant risk factor for COPD, smoking cessation must be emphasized for all PLWH.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In the antiretroviral therapy era, people living with HIV (PLWH) are surviving to older ages. Chronic illnesses such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) occur more frequently. COPD is often described as a single entity, yet multiple manifestations may be considered phenotypes. HIV is an independent risk factor for certain COPD phenotypes, and mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of these phenotypes may differ and impact response to therapy. RECENT FINDINGS: Impaired diffusing capacity, airflow obstruction, and radiographic emphysema occur in PLWH and are associated with increased mortality. Age, sex, tobacco, and HIV-specific factors likely modulate the severity of disease. An altered lung microbiome and residual HIV in the lung may also influence phenotypes. COPD is prevalent in PLWH with multiple phenotypes contributing to the burden of disease. HIV-specific factors and the respiratory microbiome influence disease pathogenesis. As tobacco use remains a significant risk factor for COPD, smoking cessation must be emphasized for all PLWH.
Authors: Sarah E van Riel; Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch; Roos E Barth; Diederick E Grobbee; Charles Feldman; Erica Shaddock; Sarah L Stacey; Willem D F Venter; Alinda G Vos Journal: South Afr J HIV Med Date: 2021-08-17 Impact factor: 2.744
Authors: Dinesh Devadoss; Shashi P Singh; Arpan Acharya; Kieu Chinh Do; Palsamy Periyasamy; Marko Manevski; Neerad Mishra; Carmen S Tellez; Sundaram Ramakrishnan; Steven A Belinsky; Siddappa N Byrareddy; Shilpa Buch; Hitendra S Chand; Mohan Sopori Journal: Front Cell Infect Microbiol Date: 2021-02-04 Impact factor: 5.293