Michael S Kaminer1, Gabriela Casabona2, Wouter Peeters3, Rolf Bartsch4, Kimberly Butterwick5, Yates Yen-Yu Chao6, Joana Costa7, Joseph Eviatar8, Sabrina Guillen Fabi5, Thorin L Geister9, Kate Goldie10, Jenny Grice11, Doris Hexsel12, Paul Lorenc13, Mary Lupo14, Rainer Pooth15, Gerhard Sattler16, Heidi A Waldorf17, Yana Yutskovskaya18, Martina Kerscher19. 1. SkinCare Physicians, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. 2. Clínica Vida, São Paulo, Brazil. 3. AZ KLINA, Brasschaat, Belgium. 4. The Aesthetics, Vienna, Austria. 5. Cosmetic Laser Dermatology, San Diego, California. 6. CHAO Institute of Aesthetic Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. 7. Clínica Dermatológica Joana Costa, Brasília, Brazil. 8. Omni Aesthetic, New York, New York. 9. Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany. 10. European Medical Aesthetics Ltd., London, United Kingdom. 11. Le Prioldy, Bieuzy les Eaux, France. 12. Brazilian Center for Studies in Dermatology, Porto Alegre, Brazil. 13. Z. Paul Lorenc Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, New York, New York. 14. Lupo Center for Aesthetic & General Dermatology, New Orleans, Louisiana. 15. Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH Consultant, Frankfurt, Germany. 16. Rosenparkklinik, Darmstadt, Germany. 17. Waldorf Dermatology Aesthetics, Nanuet, New York. 18. Department of Cosmetology, Pacific State Medical University of Health Ministry of Russia, Moscow, Russia. 19. Division of Cosmetic Sciences, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The demand for noninvasive skin-tightening body procedures is increasing. OBJECTIVE: To develop a set of grading scales for the objective assessment of skin laxity and assess their reliability and validity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two photonumeric grading scales were created and validated for skin laxity in female patients: Skin Laxity-Posterior Thighs/Buttocks, and Anterior Thighs/Knees. Fifteen aesthetic experts rated photographs of 50 women in 2 validation sessions. Responses were analyzed to assess inter-rater and intra-rater reliability. RESULTS: Overall inter-rater reliability according to intraclass correlation efficient (ICC) 2.1 and weighted kappa was at least "substantial" for both scales in both sessions, and "almost perfect" (≥0.81) for the Anterior Thighs and Knees scale in session 2. Intra-rater reliability was "almost perfect" for both scales (ICC 2.1) and "substantial" to "almost perfect" by weighted kappa. A correlation between the skin laxity scales and body mass index, age, weight, sun exposure, and cellulite severity was observed. CONCLUSION: The skin laxity photonumeric grading scales are valid and reliable instruments for assessing laxity on the posterior thighs and buttocks, and anterior thighs and knees. The scales will be of value for standardizing clinical evaluations and quantifying outcome measurements in research and clinical practice.
BACKGROUND: The demand for noninvasive skin-tightening body procedures is increasing. OBJECTIVE: To develop a set of grading scales for the objective assessment of skin laxity and assess their reliability and validity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two photonumeric grading scales were created and validated for skin laxity in female patients: Skin Laxity-Posterior Thighs/Buttocks, and Anterior Thighs/Knees. Fifteen aesthetic experts rated photographs of 50 women in 2 validation sessions. Responses were analyzed to assess inter-rater and intra-rater reliability. RESULTS: Overall inter-rater reliability according to intraclass correlation efficient (ICC) 2.1 and weighted kappa was at least "substantial" for both scales in both sessions, and "almost perfect" (≥0.81) for the Anterior Thighs and Knees scale in session 2. Intra-rater reliability was "almost perfect" for both scales (ICC 2.1) and "substantial" to "almost perfect" by weighted kappa. A correlation between the skin laxity scales and body mass index, age, weight, sun exposure, and cellulite severity was observed. CONCLUSION: The skin laxity photonumeric grading scales are valid and reliable instruments for assessing laxity on the posterior thighs and buttocks, and anterior thighs and knees. The scales will be of value for standardizing clinical evaluations and quantifying outcome measurements in research and clinical practice.
Authors: Elizabeth L Tanzi; Christopher C Capelli; David W Robertson; Brenda LaTowsky; Carolyn Jacob; Omer Ibrahim; Michael S Kaminer Journal: Lasers Surg Med Date: 2021-07-05
Authors: Patrick Trevidic; Wayne Carey; Anthony V Benedetto; John H Joseph; Laura Eaton; Stéphanie Antunes; Pauline Maffert Journal: J Cosmet Dermatol Date: 2022-01-20 Impact factor: 2.189