Lingxia Ye1,2,3, Weiqiong Gu1,2,3, Yufei Chen1,2,3, Xuelin Li1,2,3, Juan Shi1,2,3, Ankang Lv4, Jingfen Hu5, Ru Zhang5, Ruixin Liu1,2,3, Jie Hong1,2,3, Jiqiu Wang6,7,8, Yifei Zhang9,10,11. 1. Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. 2. Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China. 3. National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China. 4. Physical Examination Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. 5. SAIC Volkswagen Automotive Company Limited, Shanghai, China. 6. Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. jiqiuwang@163.com. 7. Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China. jiqiuwang@163.com. 8. National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China. jiqiuwang@163.com. 9. Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. feifei-a@163.com. 10. Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China. feifei-a@163.com. 11. National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China. feifei-a@163.com.
Abstract
AIM: To explore the glycemic characteristics of non-diabetic shift workers and associations with metabolic indices. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 450 non-diabetic males, including 238 shift workers, aged 23-58 years, were recruited after a screening oral glucose tolerance test. Blood samples and anthropometric data were collected. Hundred and fifty of them finished a continuous glucose monitoring for 3-7 days. RESULTS: Compared to daytime workers, shift workers presented with larger WHR (p < 0.001), higher HOMA-IR (p < 0.001), higher hs-CRP level (p < 0.001) and worse lipid profiles. In glycemic characteristics, shift workers with normal glucose regulation had a similar mean blood glucose (MBG), daytime MBG, percentage of time of hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, euglycemia, and fluctuation parameters, including standard deviation of blood glucose (SDBG), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) and mean of daily differences (p > 0.05, respectively), while they had a higher nighttime MBG (p = 0.026) and blood glucose (BG) at 3 a.m. (p = 0.015). For subjects with impaired glucose regulation, both groups had no difference in any clinical characteristics or glycemic parameters (p > 0.05, respectively). Further regression analysis revealed the association between MBG/SDBG/MAGE/nighttime MBG/BG at 3 a.m. and age/WHR/hs-CRP/TC. CONCLUSION: For non-diabetic shift workers, the glycemic characteristic was the elevated nighttime glycemia, presented as higher nighttime MBG and BG at 3 a.m. And both metrics were closely associated with central obesity. Elevated nighttime glycemia was an early signal of glucose metabolism disorder in shift workers.
AIM: To explore the glycemic characteristics of non-diabetic shift workers and associations with metabolic indices. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 450 non-diabetic males, including 238 shift workers, aged 23-58 years, were recruited after a screening oral glucose tolerance test. Blood samples and anthropometric data were collected. Hundred and fifty of them finished a continuous glucose monitoring for 3-7 days. RESULTS: Compared to daytime workers, shift workers presented with larger WHR (p < 0.001), higher HOMA-IR (p < 0.001), higher hs-CRP level (p < 0.001) and worse lipid profiles. In glycemic characteristics, shift workers with normal glucose regulation had a similar mean blood glucose (MBG), daytime MBG, percentage of time of hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, euglycemia, and fluctuation parameters, including standard deviation of blood glucose (SDBG), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) and mean of daily differences (p > 0.05, respectively), while they had a higher nighttime MBG (p = 0.026) and blood glucose (BG) at 3 a.m. (p = 0.015). For subjects with impaired glucose regulation, both groups had no difference in any clinical characteristics or glycemic parameters (p > 0.05, respectively). Further regression analysis revealed the association between MBG/SDBG/MAGE/nighttime MBG/BG at 3 a.m. and age/WHR/hs-CRP/TC. CONCLUSION: For non-diabetic shift workers, the glycemic characteristic was the elevated nighttime glycemia, presented as higher nighttime MBG and BG at 3 a.m. And both metrics were closely associated with central obesity. Elevated nighttime glycemia was an early signal of glucose metabolism disorder in shift workers.