Lingqiao Qin1, Zhixia Richard Li2, Zhijun Chen3, M S Andi Bill4, David A Noyce5. 1. TOPS Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, 1241 Engineering Hall, Madison, WI 53706, United States. Electronic address: Lingqiao.qin@wisc.edu. 2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Louisville, W.S. Speed Bldg., Room 111, Louisville, KY 40292, United States. Electronic address: richard.li@louisville.edu. 3. National Engineering Research Center for Water, Transport Safety, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430061, China. Electronic address: chenzj556@whut.edu.cn. 4. TOPS Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, 1241 Engineering Hall, Madison, WI 53706, United States. Electronic address: bill@wisc.edu. 5. TOPS Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, 1241 Engineering Hall, Madison, WI 53706, United States. Electronic address: danoyce@wisc.edu.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Driver distraction has become a significant problem in transportation safety. As more portable wireless devices and driver assistance and entertainment systems become available to drivers, the sources of distraction are increasing. METHOD: Based on the results of different studies in the literature review, this paper categorizes different distraction enablers into six subcategories according to their fundamental characteristics and how they would affect a driver's likelihood of engaging in non-driving related activities. The review also discusses the characteristics and influence of external and internal distractions. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of different distraction sources in fatal crashes with the consideration of a driver's age and sex. Tukey test, chi-square test of independence, Nemenyi post-hoc test, and Marascuilo procedure have been used to investigate the top distraction sources, the trend of distraction-affected fatal crashes, the effect of different distractions on drives in different age groups, and their influence on female and male drivers. RESULTS: It was found that inner cognitive inferences accounted for the greatest proportion of driver engagement in distractions. Young drivers show a larger probability of being distracted by in-vehicle technology-related devices/objects. Within the group of young drivers, female drivers showed a higher probability than their male counterparts of engaging in distracted driving caused by in-vehicle technology-related devices. Among six subcategories of distractions, drivers older than 80 years old were found to be most likely affected by inner cognitive interferences.
INTRODUCTION: Driver distraction has become a significant problem in transportation safety. As more portable wireless devices and driver assistance and entertainment systems become available to drivers, the sources of distraction are increasing. METHOD: Based on the results of different studies in the literature review, this paper categorizes different distraction enablers into six subcategories according to their fundamental characteristics and how they would affect a driver's likelihood of engaging in non-driving related activities. The review also discusses the characteristics and influence of external and internal distractions. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of different distraction sources in fatal crashes with the consideration of a driver's age and sex. Tukey test, chi-square test of independence, Nemenyi post-hoc test, and Marascuilo procedure have been used to investigate the top distraction sources, the trend of distraction-affected fatal crashes, the effect of different distractions on drives in different age groups, and their influence on female and male drivers. RESULTS: It was found that inner cognitive inferences accounted for the greatest proportion of driver engagement in distractions. Young drivers show a larger probability of being distracted by in-vehicle technology-related devices/objects. Within the group of young drivers, female drivers showed a higher probability than their male counterparts of engaging in distracted driving caused by in-vehicle technology-related devices. Among six subcategories of distractions, drivers older than 80 years old were found to be most likely affected by inner cognitive interferences.
Authors: Răzvan Gabriel Boboc; Gheorghe Daniel Voinea; Ioana-Diana Buzdugan; Csaba Antonya Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-08-24 Impact factor: 4.614