Jingyi Shao1, Graeme R Zosky1,2, Graham L Hall3,4, Amanda J Wheeler1,5, Shyamali Dharmage6, Shannon Melody1, Marita Dalton1, Rachel E Foong3,4, Tierney O'Sullivan1, Grant J Williamson7, Katherine Chappell1, Michael J Abramson8, Fay H Johnston1. 1. Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia. 2. School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia. 3. Children's Lung Health, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia. 4. School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia. 5. Behaviour, Environment and Cognition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. 6. Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. 7. School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia. 8. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Long-term respiratory risks following exposure to relatively short periods of poor air quality early in life are unknown. We aimed to evaluate the association between exposure to a 6-week episode of air pollution from a coal mine fire in children aged <2 years, and their lung function 3 years after the fire. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study. Individual exposure to 24-h average and peak concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5 ) during the fire were estimated using dispersion and chemical transport modelling. Lung function was measured using the forced oscillation technique (FOT), generating standardized Z-scores for resistance and reactance at a frequency of 5 Hz (Rrs5 and Xrs5 ), and area under the reactance curve (AX). We used linear regression models to assess the associations between PM2.5 exposure and lung function, adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: Of the 203 infants originally recruited, 84 aged 4.3 ± 0.5 years completed FOT testing. Median (interquartile range, IQR) for average and peak PM2.5 were 7.9 (6.8-16.8) and 103.4 (60.6-150.7) μg/m3 , respectively. The mean ± SD Z-scores for Rrs5 , Xrs5 and AX were 0.56 ± 0.80, -0.76 ± 0.88 and 0.72 ± 0.92, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders including maternal smoking during pregnancy, a 10 μg/m3 increase in average PM2.5 was significantly associated with worsening AX (β-coefficient: 0.260; 95% CI: 0.019, 0.502), while the association between a 100-μg/m3 increase in peak PM2.5 and AX was borderline (0.166; 95% CI: -0.002, 0.334). CONCLUSION: Infant exposure to coal mine fire emissions could be associated with long-term impairment of lung reactance.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Long-term respiratory risks following exposure to relatively short periods of poor air quality early in life are unknown. We aimed to evaluate the association between exposure to a 6-week episode of air pollution from a coal mine fire in children aged <2 years, and their lung function 3 years after the fire. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study. Individual exposure to 24-h average and peak concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5 ) during the fire were estimated using dispersion and chemical transport modelling. Lung function was measured using the forced oscillation technique (FOT), generating standardized Z-scores for resistance and reactance at a frequency of 5 Hz (Rrs5 and Xrs5 ), and area under the reactance curve (AX). We used linear regression models to assess the associations between PM2.5 exposure and lung function, adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: Of the 203 infants originally recruited, 84 aged 4.3 ± 0.5 years completed FOT testing. Median (interquartile range, IQR) for average and peak PM2.5 were 7.9 (6.8-16.8) and 103.4 (60.6-150.7) μg/m3 , respectively. The mean ± SD Z-scores for Rrs5 , Xrs5 and AX were 0.56 ± 0.80, -0.76 ± 0.88 and 0.72 ± 0.92, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders including maternal smoking during pregnancy, a 10 μg/m3 increase in average PM2.5 was significantly associated with worsening AX (β-coefficient: 0.260; 95% CI: 0.019, 0.502), while the association between a 100-μg/m3 increase in peak PM2.5 and AX was borderline (0.166; 95% CI: -0.002, 0.334). CONCLUSION:Infant exposure to coal mine fire emissions could be associated with long-term impairment of lung reactance.
Authors: Sarah M Naughten; Rosana Aguilera; Alexander Gershunov; Tarik Benmarhnia; Sydney Leibel Journal: Front Pediatr Date: 2022-07-06 Impact factor: 3.569