Laura E Coats1, Gwendolyn K Davis1, Ashley D Newsome1, Norma B Ojeda2, Barbara T Alexander3. 1. Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Excellence in Perinatal Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Mississippi Center for Excellence in Perinatal Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA. 3. Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Excellence in Perinatal Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA. balexander@umc.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to highlight the clinical significance of increased renal risk that has its origins in fetal life. This review will also discuss the critical need to identify therapeutic interventions for use in a pregnancy complicated by placental dysfunction and intrauterine growth restriction that can mitigate the developmental origins of kidney disease without inflicting additional harm on the developing fetus. RECENT FINDINGS: A reduction in nephron number is a contributory factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension and kidney disease in low birth weight individuals. Reduced nephron number may heighten susceptibility to a secondary renal insult, and recent studies suggest that perinatal history including birth weight should be considered in the assessment of renal risk in kidney donors. This review highlights current findings related to placental dysfunction, intrauterine growth restriction, increased risk for renal injury and disease, and potential therapeutic interventions.
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to highlight the clinical significance of increased renal risk that has its origins in fetal life. This review will also discuss the critical need to identify therapeutic interventions for use in a pregnancy complicated by placental dysfunction and intrauterine growth restriction that can mitigate the developmental origins of kidney disease without inflicting additional harm on the developing fetus. RECENT FINDINGS: A reduction in nephron number is a contributory factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension and kidney disease in low birth weight individuals. Reduced nephron number may heighten susceptibility to a secondary renal insult, and recent studies suggest that perinatal history including birth weight should be considered in the assessment of renal risk in kidney donors. This review highlights current findings related to placental dysfunction, intrauterine growth restriction, increased risk for renal injury and disease, and potential therapeutic interventions.
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