Van-Thuan Hoang1, Thi-Thu-Thuy Nguyen2, Khadidja Belhouchat3, Mohammed Meftah3, Doudou Sow4, Samir Benkouiten3, Thi-Loi Dao1, Tran Duc Anh Ly3, Tassadit Drali3, Saber Yezli5, Badriah Alotaibi5, Didier Raoult6, Philippe Parola3, Vincent Pommier de Santi7, Philippe Gautret8. 1. Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Service de Santé des Armées, Vecteurs - Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), Marseille, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh, Viet Nam. 2. Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France. 3. Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Service de Santé des Armées, Vecteurs - Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), Marseille, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France. 4. Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Service de Santé des Armées, Vecteurs - Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), Marseille, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal. 5. The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 6. Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Université, Microbes Evolution Phylogénie et Infection (MEPHI), Marseille, France. 7. Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Service de Santé des Armées, Vecteurs - Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), Marseille, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; French Military Center for Epidemiology and Public Health Marseille, France. 8. Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Service de Santé des Armées, Vecteurs - Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), Marseille, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France. Electronic address: philippe.gautret@ap-hm.fr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the occurrence and determinants associated with antibiotic use for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) among Hajj pilgrims. METHODS: Prospective cohort surveys were conducted among French pilgrims from 2012 to 2017. We also conducted a systematic review about available evidence for antibiotic consumption in relation with RTIs during the Hajj. RESULTS: 783 pilgrims were included in the survey. During the Hajj, 85.3% presented respiratory symptoms and 47.6% used antibiotics. Pilgrims with productive cough or fever were three times and twice as likely to have used antibiotics. Dry cough, sore throat and voice failure were also associated with increased antibiotic use. 26.3% of pilgrims presented symptoms compatible with a lower tract respiratory infection. According to the French recommendations, only 39.6% of pilgrims who used an antibiotic actually had an indication for it. Antibiotic intake was associated with an increased frequency of persistent symptoms post-Hajj (aRR = 1.31, 95%CI [1.04-1.66]). The review included 14 articles. The use of antibiotic for respiratory tract infections during the Hajj varied from 7% to 58.5%. In 9 studies, the antibiotic consumption rate was >30%. CONCLUSION: Respiratory tract infections are common during the Hajj, leading to high prevalence of inappropriate antibiotic intake.
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the occurrence and determinants associated with antibiotic use for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) among Hajj pilgrims. METHODS: Prospective cohort surveys were conducted among French pilgrims from 2012 to 2017. We also conducted a systematic review about available evidence for antibiotic consumption in relation with RTIs during the Hajj. RESULTS: 783 pilgrims were included in the survey. During the Hajj, 85.3% presented respiratory symptoms and 47.6% used antibiotics. Pilgrims with productive cough or fever were three times and twice as likely to have used antibiotics. Dry cough, sore throat and voice failure were also associated with increased antibiotic use. 26.3% of pilgrims presented symptoms compatible with a lower tract respiratory infection. According to the French recommendations, only 39.6% of pilgrims who used an antibiotic actually had an indication for it. Antibiotic intake was associated with an increased frequency of persistent symptoms post-Hajj (aRR = 1.31, 95%CI [1.04-1.66]). The review included 14 articles. The use of antibiotic for respiratory tract infections during the Hajj varied from 7% to 58.5%. In 9 studies, the antibiotic consumption rate was >30%. CONCLUSION:Respiratory tract infections are common during the Hajj, leading to high prevalence of inappropriate antibiotic intake.
Authors: Hamid Bokhary; Hajj Research Team; Osamah Barasheed; Hala B Othman; Burhanudin Saha; Harunor Rashid; Grant A Hill-Cawthorne; Moataz Abd El Ghany Journal: Access Microbiol Date: 2022-04-25
Authors: Hamid Bokhary; Osamah Barasheed; Moataz Abd El Ghany; Ameneh Khatami; Grant A Hill-Cawthorne; Harunor Rashid Journal: Trop Med Infect Dis Date: 2020-01-29
Authors: Abdulaziz Mushi; Yara Yassin; Anas Khan; Badriah Alotaibi; Salim Parker; Ozayr Mahomed; Saber Yezli Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-03-31 Impact factor: 3.390