Zoonotic sporotrichosis with greater severity in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: 118 hospitalizations and 11 deaths in the last 2 decades in a reference institution.

Since 1998, there has been an increase in the number of cat-transmitted cases of human sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro state, and severe forms are observed especially when associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A retrospective search of the INI/ Fiocruz database was conducted to identify sporotrichosis cases, hospitalized and deceased patients, between 1999 and 2015. There were 3917 adult patients diagnosed, 75 of them hospitalized, and 11 died. We conclude there is still a progression toward hyperendemic levels and greater severity has been demonstrated mainly in a socially excluded population.