Joshua R Ehrlich1,2, Tochukwu Ndukwe3, Erica Solway2, Maria A Woodward1,2, Dianne C Singer4, Paula Anne Newman-Casey1,2, Matthias Kirch2, Lindsey B Delott1,2, Jeffrey T Kullgren2,5,6, Brian C Stagg1,7, David C Musch1,2,8, Preeti N Malani2,6. 1. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Center for Eye Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. 2. Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. 3. University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor. 4. Child Health Evaluation and Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. 5. Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 6. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. 7. Duke Eye Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. 8. Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Abstract
IMPORTANCE: Contemporary data on use of eye care by US adults are critical, as the prevalence of age-related eye disease and vision impairment are projected to increase in the coming decades. OBJECTIVES: To provide nationally representative estimates on self-reported use of eye care by adults aged 50 to 80 years, and to describe the reasons that adults do and do not seek eye care. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The National Poll on Healthy Aging, a cross-sectional, nationally representative online survey was conducted from March 9 to 24, 2018, among 2013 individuals aged 50 to 80 years. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The proportion of US adults who received an eye examination within the past 2 years as well as the sociodemographic and economic factors associated with receipt of eye care. RESULTS: Among 2013 adults aged 50 to 80 years (survey-weighted proportion of women, 52.5%; white non-Hispanic, 71.1%; mean [SD] age, 62.1 [9.0] years), the proportion reporting that they underwent an eye examination in the past year was 58.5% (95% CI, 56.1%-60.8%) and in the past 2 years was 82.4% (95% CI, 80.4%-84.2%). Among those with diabetes, 72.2% (95% CI, 67.2%-76.8%) reported undergoing an eye examination in the past year and 91.3% (95% CI, 87.7%-93.9%) in the past 2 years. The odds of having undergone an eye examination within the past 2 years were higher among women (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.00; 95% CI, 1.50-2.67), respondents with household incomes of $30 000 or more (AOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.08-2.29), and those with a diagnosed age-related eye disease (AOR, 3.67; 95% CI, 2.37-5.69) or diabetes (AOR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.50-3.54). The odds were lower for respondents who were unmarried (AOR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53-0.96), from the Midwest (AOR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34-0.87) or West (AOR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.38-0.94), or reported fair or poor vision (AOR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.28-0.65). Reasons reported for not undergoing a recent eye examination included having no perceived problems with their eyes or vision (41.5%), cost (24.9%), or lack of insurance coverage (23.4%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this study, the rate of eye examinations was generally high among US adults aged 50 to 80 years, yet there were several significant demographic and socioeconomic differences in the use of eye care. These findings may be relevant to health policy efforts to address disparities in eye care and to promote care for those most at risk for vision problems.
IMPORTANCE: Contemporary data on use of eye care by US adults are critical, as the prevalence of age-related eye disease and vision impairment are projected to increase in the coming decades. OBJECTIVES: To provide nationally representative estimates on self-reported use of eye care by adults aged 50 to 80 years, and to describe the reasons that adults do and do not seek eye care. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The National Poll on Healthy Aging, a cross-sectional, nationally representative online survey was conducted from March 9 to 24, 2018, among 2013 individuals aged 50 to 80 years. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The proportion of US adults who received an eye examination within the past 2 years as well as the sociodemographic and economic factors associated with receipt of eye care. RESULTS: Among 2013 adults aged 50 to 80 years (survey-weighted proportion of women, 52.5%; white non-Hispanic, 71.1%; mean [SD] age, 62.1 [9.0] years), the proportion reporting that they underwent an eye examination in the past year was 58.5% (95% CI, 56.1%-60.8%) and in the past 2 years was 82.4% (95% CI, 80.4%-84.2%). Among those with diabetes, 72.2% (95% CI, 67.2%-76.8%) reported undergoing an eye examination in the past year and 91.3% (95% CI, 87.7%-93.9%) in the past 2 years. The odds of having undergone an eye examination within the past 2 years were higher among women (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.00; 95% CI, 1.50-2.67), respondents with household incomes of $30 000 or more (AOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.08-2.29), and those with a diagnosed age-related eye disease (AOR, 3.67; 95% CI, 2.37-5.69) or diabetes (AOR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.50-3.54). The odds were lower for respondents who were unmarried (AOR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53-0.96), from the Midwest (AOR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34-0.87) or West (AOR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.38-0.94), or reported fair or poor vision (AOR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.28-0.65). Reasons reported for not undergoing a recent eye examination included having no perceived problems with their eyes or vision (41.5%), cost (24.9%), or lack of insurance coverage (23.4%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this study, the rate of eye examinations was generally high among US adults aged 50 to 80 years, yet there were several significant demographic and socioeconomic differences in the use of eye care. These findings may be relevant to health policy efforts to address disparities in eye care and to promote care for those most at risk for vision problems.
Authors: Sharon H Saydah; Robert B Gerzoff; Jinan B Saaddine; Xinzhi Zhang; Mary Frances Cotch Journal: JAMA Ophthalmol Date: 2020-05-01 Impact factor: 7.389