S Eriksen1, G H Bjørkløf2, A-S Helvik3, M Larsen4, K Engedal2. 1. Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Postboks 2136, N-3103 Tønsberg, Norway. Electronic address: siren.eriksen@aldringoghelse.no. 2. Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Postboks 2136, N-3103 Tønsberg, Norway. 3. Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Postboks 2136, N-3103 Tønsberg, Norway; Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Postboks 8905, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. 4. Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet, Oslo, Postboks 23, Vinderen, N-0319 Oslo, Norway.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the validity of the Norwegian versions of the Geriatric Depression Scale-5 (GDS-5) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-D (HADS-D). The aim of this study was therefor to validate the two assessment tools in a population of home-dwelling persons of 60 years of age and above. METHODS: A sample of 194 home-dwelling old adults with and without depressive symptoms were recruited. The participants were examined for depressive symptoms (GDS-5, HADS-D) and cognitive impairment. Sociodemographic information was collected. The participants underwent a blinded diagnostic evaluation for a depressive episode according to the diagnostic criteria of ICD-10. RESULTS: In all, 56 (28.9%) participants fulfilled criteria for a depressive episode according to ICD-10. The Receiver Operating Characteristics analyses of HAD-D and GDS-5 using the diagnostic criteria of ICD-10 for depression as gold standard was performed. For GDS-5 the Areal under the Curve was 0.81 and for HAD-D 0.75. The cut-off points of the measures that produced the highest accuracies were ≥2 for GDS-5 with a sensitivity of 73.2% and a specificity of 73.2% and ≥4 for HADS-D with a sensitivity of 70.3% and a specificity of 69.6%. LIMITATIONS: A larger sample would have given the opportunity for analyzing home dwelling old adults with and without home health care separately. The participants were talked through the self-filling questionnaires. The procedure could have influenced the participants' answers. CONCLUSION: GDS-5 and HADS-D are useful screening tools for old adults, but only fairly good to identify depression according to criteria of ICD-10.
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the validity of the Norwegian versions of the Geriatric Depression Scale-5 (GDS-5) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-D (HADS-D). The aim of this study was therefor to validate the two assessment tools in a population of home-dwelling persons of 60 years of age and above. METHODS: A sample of 194 home-dwelling old adults with and without depressive symptoms were recruited. The participants were examined for depressive symptoms (GDS-5, HADS-D) and cognitive impairment. Sociodemographic information was collected. The participants underwent a blinded diagnostic evaluation for a depressive episode according to the diagnostic criteria of ICD-10. RESULTS: In all, 56 (28.9%) participants fulfilled criteria for a depressive episode according to ICD-10. The Receiver Operating Characteristics analyses of HAD-D and GDS-5 using the diagnostic criteria of ICD-10 for depression as gold standard was performed. For GDS-5 the Areal under the Curve was 0.81 and for HAD-D 0.75. The cut-off points of the measures that produced the highest accuracies were ≥2 for GDS-5 with a sensitivity of 73.2% and a specificity of 73.2% and ≥4 for HADS-D with a sensitivity of 70.3% and a specificity of 69.6%. LIMITATIONS: A larger sample would have given the opportunity for analyzing home dwelling old adults with and without home health care separately. The participants were talked through the self-filling questionnaires. The procedure could have influenced the participants' answers. CONCLUSION: GDS-5 and HADS-D are useful screening tools for old adults, but only fairly good to identify depression according to criteria of ICD-10.
Authors: Fjola D Sigurdardottir; Magnus N Lyngbakken; Kristian Hveem; Harald Hrubos Strøm; Helge Røsjø; Susan Redline; Torbjørn Omland Journal: J Sleep Res Date: 2021-02-24 Impact factor: 5.296