Chetan P Huded1, E Murat Tuzcu1, Amar Krishnaswamy1, Stephanie L Mick2, Neal S Kleiman3, Lars G Svensson2, John Carroll4, Vinod H Thourani5, Ajay J Kirtane6, Pratik Manandhar7, Andrzej S Kosinski7, Sreekanth Vemulapalli7, Samir R Kapadia1. 1. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. 2. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio. 3. Department of Cardiology, DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas. 4. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine,University of Colorado Hospital, Denver. 5. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medstar Heart and Vascular Institute and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC. 6. Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York. 7. Duke University Clinical Research Institute, Duke Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Abstract
Importance: Reducing postprocedural stroke is important to improve the safety of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Objective: This study evaluated the trends of stroke occurring within 30 days after the procedure during the first 5 years TAVR was used in the United States, the association of stroke with 30-day mortality, and the association of medical therapy with 30-day stroke risk. Design, Setting, and Participants: Retrospective cohort study including 101 430 patients who were treated with femoral and nonfemoral TAVR at 521 US hospitals in the Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapies Registry from November 9, 2011, through May 31, 2017. Thirty-day follow-up ended June 30, 2017. Exposures: TAVR. Main Outcomes and Measures: The rates of 30-day transient ischemic attack and stroke were assessed. Association of stroke with 30-day mortality and association of antithrombotic medical therapies with postdischarge 30-day stroke were assessed with a Cox proportional hazards model and propensity-score matching, respectively. Results: Among 101 430 patients included in the study (median age, 83 years [interquartile range {IQR}, 76-87 years]; 47 797 women [47.1%]; and 85 147 patients [83.9%] treated via femoral access), 30-day postprocedure follow-up data was assessed in all patients. At day 30, there were 2290 patients (2.3%) with a stroke of any kind (95% CI, 2.2%-2.4%), and 373 patients (0.4%) with transient ischemic attacks (95% CI, 0.3%-0.4%) . During the study period, 30-day stroke rates were stable without an increasing or decreasing trend in all patients (P for trend = .22) and in the large femoral access subgroup (P trend = .47). Among cases of stroke within 30 days, 1119 strokes (48.9%) occurred within the first day and 1567 (68.4%) within 3 days following TAVR. The occurrence of stroke was associated with a significant increase in 30-day mortality: 383 patients (16.7%) of 2290 who had a stroke vs 3662 patients (3.7%) of 99 140 who did not have a stroke died (P < .001; risk-adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 6.1 [95% CI, 5.4-6.8]; P < .001). After propensity-score matching, 30-day stroke risk was not associated with whether patients in the femoral cohort were (0.55%) or were not (0.52%) treated with dual antiplatelet therapy at hospital discharge (HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.74-1.46) nor was it associated with whether patients in the nonfemoral cohort were (0.71%) or were not (0.69%) treated with dual antiplatelet therapy (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.54-1.95). Similarly, 30-day stroke risk was not associated with whether patients in the femoral cohort were (0.57%) or were not (0.55) treated with oral anticoagulant therapy at hospital discharge (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.73-1.46) nor was it associated with whether patients in the nonfemoral cohort were (0.75%) or were not (0.82%) treated with an oral anticoagulant (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.47-1.83). Conclusions and Relevance: Between 2011 and 2017, the rate of 30-day stroke following transcatheter aortic valve replacement in a US registry population remained stable.
Importance: Reducing postprocedural stroke is important to improve the safety of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Objective: This study evaluated the trends of stroke occurring within 30 days after the procedure during the first 5 years TAVR was used in the United States, the association of stroke with 30-day mortality, and the association of medical therapy with 30-day stroke risk. Design, Setting, and Participants: Retrospective cohort study including 101 430 patients who were treated with femoral and nonfemoral TAVR at 521 US hospitals in the Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapies Registry from November 9, 2011, through May 31, 2017. Thirty-day follow-up ended June 30, 2017. Exposures: TAVR. Main Outcomes and Measures: The rates of 30-day transient ischemic attack and stroke were assessed. Association of stroke with 30-day mortality and association of antithrombotic medical therapies with postdischarge 30-day stroke were assessed with a Cox proportional hazards model and propensity-score matching, respectively. Results: Among 101 430 patients included in the study (median age, 83 years [interquartile range {IQR}, 76-87 years]; 47 797 women [47.1%]; and 85 147 patients [83.9%] treated via femoral access), 30-day postprocedure follow-up data was assessed in all patients. At day 30, there were 2290 patients (2.3%) with a stroke of any kind (95% CI, 2.2%-2.4%), and 373 patients (0.4%) with transient ischemic attacks (95% CI, 0.3%-0.4%) . During the study period, 30-day stroke rates were stable without an increasing or decreasing trend in all patients (P for trend = .22) and in the large femoral access subgroup (P trend = .47). Among cases of stroke within 30 days, 1119 strokes (48.9%) occurred within the first day and 1567 (68.4%) within 3 days following TAVR. The occurrence of stroke was associated with a significant increase in 30-day mortality: 383 patients (16.7%) of 2290 who had a stroke vs 3662 patients (3.7%) of 99 140 who did not have a stroke died (P < .001; risk-adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 6.1 [95% CI, 5.4-6.8]; P < .001). After propensity-score matching, 30-day stroke risk was not associated with whether patients in the femoral cohort were (0.55%) or were not (0.52%) treated with dual antiplatelet therapy at hospital discharge (HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.74-1.46) nor was it associated with whether patients in the nonfemoral cohort were (0.71%) or were not (0.69%) treated with dual antiplatelet therapy (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.54-1.95). Similarly, 30-day stroke risk was not associated with whether patients in the femoral cohort were (0.57%) or were not (0.55) treated with oral anticoagulant therapy at hospital discharge (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.73-1.46) nor was it associated with whether patients in the nonfemoral cohort were (0.75%) or were not (0.82%) treated with an oral anticoagulant (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.47-1.83). Conclusions and Relevance: Between 2011 and 2017, the rate of 30-day stroke following transcatheter aortic valve replacement in a US registry population remained stable.
Authors: Paul Toon Lim Chiam; Nien Shen Chan; Yean Teng Lim; Choon Pin Lim; Dinesh Nair; Tai Tian Lim; Chao Yang Soon; Brian Chung Hoe Khoo; Jimmy Lim; Kok Soon Tan; Leslie Lam; Peter Yan; Yau Wei Ooi; Mei Sian Chong Journal: Singapore Med J Date: 2022-02-24 Impact factor: 3.331
Authors: Christian Frerker; Tobias Schmidt; Max M Meertens; Sascha Macherey; Sebastiaan Asselberghs; Samuel Lee; Jan Hendrik Schipper; Barend Mees; Ingo Eitel; Stephan Baldus Journal: Clin Res Cardiol Date: 2022-03-17 Impact factor: 6.138
Authors: Avirup Guha; Amit K Dey; Sameer Arora; Matthew A Cavender; John P Vavalle; Joseph F Sabik; Ernesto Jimenez; Hani Jneid; Daniel Addison Journal: J Am Heart Assoc Date: 2020-01-21 Impact factor: 5.501