Stuart Bailey1, Benjamin Wallwork2. 1. MBBS, ENT Principal House Officer, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Qld. Stuart. bailey00@gmail.com 2. FRACS, PhD, Consultant Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgeon, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Qld
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The widespread use of imaging techniques has led to more frequent detection of thyroid nodules, and while the majority are benign, the risk of malignancy in an adult ranges from 7% to 15%. General practitioners (GPs) must be able to evaluate thyroid nodules and refer cases when appropriate. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this article is to bring GPs up to date on the evidence-based management of thyroid nodules, with specific focus on neoplastic nodules, while highlighting significant changes in the 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines. DISCUSSION: Thyroid nodules frequently occur in the general population. Differentiating between a benign and malignant nodule can be challenging, and community guidelines have standardised investigation, management and follow-up procedures. The key tests for risk stratification of thyroid nodules include serum thyroid-stimulating hormone testing, ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration. GPs should be aware of the latest evidence-based recommendations for the appropriate management of a thyroid nodule.
BACKGROUND: The widespread use of imaging techniques has led to more frequent detection of thyroid nodules, and while the majority are benign, the risk of malignancy in an adult ranges from 7% to 15%. General practitioners (GPs) must be able to evaluate thyroid nodules and refer cases when appropriate. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this article is to bring GPs up to date on the evidence-based management of thyroid nodules, with specific focus on neoplastic nodules, while highlighting significant changes in the 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines. DISCUSSION: Thyroid nodules frequently occur in the general population. Differentiating between a benign and malignant nodule can be challenging, and community guidelines have standardised investigation, management and follow-up procedures. The key tests for risk stratification of thyroid nodules include serum thyroid-stimulating hormone testing, ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration. GPs should be aware of the latest evidence-based recommendations for the appropriate management of a thyroid nodule.