Giulia Naldini1, Chiara Grisci2, Manuela Chiavarini3, Roberto Fabiani4. 1. Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Public Health, School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli, n.2, 06129, Perugia, Italy. giulia.naldini@studenti.unipg.it. 2. Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Public Health, School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli, n.2, 06129, Perugia, Italy. 3. Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Public Health, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. 4. Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Human papillomavirus (HPV) and chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection lead to severe consequences for women's health. This meta-analysis summarizes the evidence on HPV infection risk in women with chlamydia and chlamydia risk in HPV-positive women. METHODS: Medline, Web of Science and Scopus were systematically searched for eligible publications until May 2018. Eligibility criteria included: assessment of HPV/Ct infection; cohort, case-control, cross-sectional study design; and reported risk estimation with its 95% CI for HPV infection in Ct-positive women and/or Ct infection in HPV-positive women. On the PRISMA guidelines, meta-analysis was performed using random effect model. RESULTS: Forty-eight studies met the eligibility criteria. Among women with chlamydia, the odds ratio (OR) of HPV infection is 2.12 (95% CI 1.80, 2.49) and the OR of high-risk HPV infection is 2.32 (95% CI 2.02, 2.65). The OR for chlamydia among HPV-positive women is 2.23 (95% CI 1.70, 2.92). CONCLUSIONS: HPV and Ct behave as reciprocal risk factors. In women diagnosed with HPV infection or chlamydia, the screening for the mutual infection could represent a preventive intervention for severe reproductive health outcomes, such as cervical cancer and infertility.
OBJECTIVES: Human papillomavirus (HPV) and chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection lead to severe consequences for women's health. This meta-analysis summarizes the evidence on HPV infection risk in women with chlamydia and chlamydia risk in HPV-positive women. METHODS: Medline, Web of Science and Scopus were systematically searched for eligible publications until May 2018. Eligibility criteria included: assessment of HPV/Ctinfection; cohort, case-control, cross-sectional study design; and reported risk estimation with its 95% CI for HPV infection in Ct-positive women and/or Ctinfection in HPV-positive women. On the PRISMA guidelines, meta-analysis was performed using random effect model. RESULTS: Forty-eight studies met the eligibility criteria. Among women with chlamydia, the odds ratio (OR) of HPV infection is 2.12 (95% CI 1.80, 2.49) and the OR of high-risk HPV infection is 2.32 (95% CI 2.02, 2.65). The OR for chlamydia among HPV-positive women is 2.23 (95% CI 1.70, 2.92). CONCLUSIONS:HPV and Ct behave as reciprocal risk factors. In women diagnosed with HPV infection or chlamydia, the screening for the mutual infection could represent a preventive intervention for severe reproductive health outcomes, such as cervical cancer and infertility.
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