Marthoenis Marthoenis1, Adnani Ilyas2, Hizir Sofyan3, Meryam Schouler-Ocak4. 1. Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Nursing, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia. Electronic address: Marthoenis@unsyiah.ac.id. 2. Master Program of Disaster Management, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. 3. Department of Statistics, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. 4. University Psychiatric Clinic of Charité at St. Hedwig's Hospital Berlin, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study sought to assess prevalence rate, comorbidity and predictors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety among adolescents affected by the 2016 Aceh Earthquake. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted six months after the earthquake. The multi-stage random sampling method was applied to a selection of respondents from district schools. A total of 321 students participated in the study. In addition to generating demographic data, a brief PTSD inventory, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaire and the Disaster Impact Questionnaire (DIQ) were administered. RESULTS: Approximately 58.3%, 16.8% and 32.1% of adolescents reported the clinical symptoms of PTSD, depression and anxiety, respectively. The associations and comorbidity between PTSD, depression, and anxiety were statistically significant (p = 0.001). Gender, depression, having directly seen someone injured or trapped, the injury or hospitalization of a member of the nuclear family and being afraid to stay inside a building since the earthquake were demonstrated to be the significant predictors for PTSD. The injury and hospitalization of a member of the nuclear family and feeling stressed after the earthquake were significant predictors for depression. Having been injured, having one's house destroyed; being afraid to stay inside a building and gender were significant predictors for generalized anxiety disorder. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of PTSD in the current study population is relatively high and the fact that a significant number of adolescents were afraid to stay inside a building following the earthquake calls for further investigation and treatments.
BACKGROUND: This study sought to assess prevalence rate, comorbidity and predictors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety among adolescents affected by the 2016 Aceh Earthquake. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted six months after the earthquake. The multi-stage random sampling method was applied to a selection of respondents from district schools. A total of 321 students participated in the study. In addition to generating demographic data, a brief PTSD inventory, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaire and the Disaster Impact Questionnaire (DIQ) were administered. RESULTS: Approximately 58.3%, 16.8% and 32.1% of adolescents reported the clinical symptoms of PTSD, depression and anxiety, respectively. The associations and comorbidity between PTSD, depression, and anxiety were statistically significant (p = 0.001). Gender, depression, having directly seen someone injured or trapped, the injury or hospitalization of a member of the nuclear family and being afraid to stay inside a building since the earthquake were demonstrated to be the significant predictors for PTSD. The injury and hospitalization of a member of the nuclear family and feeling stressed after the earthquake were significant predictors for depression. Having been injured, having one's house destroyed; being afraid to stay inside a building and gender were significant predictors for generalized anxiety disorder. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of PTSD in the current study population is relatively high and the fact that a significant number of adolescents were afraid to stay inside a building following the earthquake calls for further investigation and treatments.
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