Heikki V Sarin 1,2,3 , Nele Taba 4 , Krista Fischer 4 , Tonu Esko 4 , Noora Kanerva 5 , Leena Moilanen 6 , Juha Saltevo 7 , Anni Joensuu 1,2 , Katja Borodulin 8 , Satu Männistö 9 , Kati Kristiansson 1,2,3 , Markus Perola 1,2 Show Affiliations »
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Food neophobia is considered a behavioral trait closely linked to adverse eating patterns and reduced dietary quality, which have been associated with increased risk of obesity and noncommunicable diseases. OBJECTIVES: In a cross-sectional and prospective study, we examined how food neophobia is associated with dietary quality, health-related biomarkers, and disease outcome incidence in Finnish and Estonian adult populations. METHODS: The study was conducted based on subsamples of the Finnish DIetary, Lifestyle, and Genetic determinants of Obesity and Metabolic syndrome (DILGOM) cohort (n = 2982; age range: 25-74 y) and the Estonian Biobank cohort (n = 1109; age range: 18-83 y). The level of food neophobia was assessed using the Food Neophobia Scale, dietary quality was evaluated using the Baltic Sea Diet Score (BSDS), and biomarker profiles were determined using an NMR metabolomics platform. Disease outcome information was gathered from national health registries. Follow-up data on the NMR-based metabolomic profiles and disease outcomes were available in both populations. RESULTS: Food neophobia associated significantly (adjusted P < 0.05) with health-related biomarkers [e.g., ω-3 (n-3) fatty acids, citrate, α1-acid glycoprotein, HDL, and MUFA] in the Finnish DILGOM cohort. The significant negative association between the severity of food neophobia and ω-3 fatty acids was replicated in all cross-sectional analyses in the Finnish DILGOM and Estonian Biobank cohorts. Furthermore, food neophobia was associated with reduced dietary quality (BSDS: β: -0.03 ± 0.006; P = 8.04 × 10-5), increased fasting serum insulin (β: 0.004 ± 0.0013; P = 5.83 × 10-3), and increased risk of type 2 diabetes during the ∼8-y follow-up (HR: 1.018 ± 0.007; P = 0.01) in the DILGOM cohort. CONCLUSIONS: In the Finnish and Estonian adult populations, food neophobia was associated with adverse alteration of health-related biomarkers and risk factors that have been associated with an increased risk of noncommunicable diseases. We also found that food neophobia associations with ω-3 fatty acids and associated metabolites are mediated through dietary quality independent of body weight. © American Society for Nutrition 2019.
BACKGROUND: Food neophobia is considered a behavioral trait closely linked to adverse eating patterns and reduced dietary quality, which have been associated with increased risk of obesity and noncommunicable diseases. OBJECTIVES: In a cross-sectional and prospective study, we examined how food neophobia is associated with dietary quality, health-related biomarkers, and disease outcome incidence in Finnish and Estonian adult populations. METHODS: The study was conducted based on subsamples of the Finnish DIetary, Lifestyle, and Genetic determinants of Obesity and Metabolic syndrome (DILGOM) cohort (n = 2982; age range: 25-74 y) and the Estonian Biobank cohort (n = 1109; age range: 18-83 y). The level of food neophobia was assessed using the Food Neophobia Scale, dietary quality was evaluated using the Baltic Sea Diet Score (BSDS), and biomarker profiles were determined using an NMR metabolomics platform. Disease outcome information was gathered from national health registries. Follow-up data on the NMR-based metabolomic profiles and disease outcomes were available in both populations. RESULTS: Food neophobia associated significantly (adjusted P < 0.05) with health-related biomarkers [e.g., ω-3 (n-3) fatty acids, citrate , α1-acid glycoprotein, HDL, and MUFA] in the Finnish DILGOM cohort. The significant negative association between the severity of food neophobia and ω-3 fatty acids was replicated in all cross-sectional analyses in the Finnish DILGOM and Estonian Biobank cohorts. Furthermore, food neophobia was associated with reduced dietary quality (BSDS: β: -0.03 ± 0.006; P = 8.04 × 10-5), increased fasting serum insulin (β: 0.004 ± 0.0013; P = 5.83 × 10-3), and increased risk of type 2 diabetes during the ∼8-y follow-up (HR: 1.018 ± 0.007; P = 0.01) in the DILGOM cohort. CONCLUSIONS: In the Finnish and Estonian adult populations, food neophobia was associated with adverse alteration of health-related biomarkers and risk factors that have been associated with an increased risk of noncommunicable diseases. We also found that food neophobia associations with ω-3 fatty acids and associated metabolites are mediated through dietary quality independent of body weight. © American Society for Nutrition 2019.
Entities: Chemical
Disease
Gene
Keywords:
Baltic Sea Diet Score; Estonian Biobank cohort; cardiovascular disease; dietary behavior; dietary quality; food neophobia; metabolome; type 2 diabetes
Mesh： See more »
Year: 2019
PMID： 31161197 DOI： 10.1093/ajcn/nqz100
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Am J Clin Nutr ISSN： 0002-9165 Impact factor: 7.045