Image deconvolution for confocal laser scanning microscopy using constrained total variation with a gradient field.

As for the confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) imaging system, the collected weak fluorescence signals are always distorted by optic blur and severe photon-counting noise, and the deconvolution for CLSM images is a typical ill-posed inverse problem, which is highly sensitive to the measurement noise. To promote the reconstruction quality for characteristics of low intensity and strong noise, we employed the prominent total variation regularization (TV) to enforce the sparsity of a fluorescent image gradient with rich details. However, the well-known reconstruction artifacts (e.g., artificial staircase) emerge with TV prior. To settle this issue, we utilized a robust first-order discretization yielding near-isotropy with a gradient field to depress the reconstruction artifacts. Furthermore, the bound constraint was suited to restrain final reconstruction results from appearing unreasonably explosive. For the proposed optimization minimizer with linear constraint, we take one proximal gradient for approximate estimation of each subproblem under the framework of the inexact alternating direction method of multipliers. Moreover, we incorporated a Nesterov's scheme into the numerical method for acceleration of iteration updating. Compared with other competing methods, both the simulation and practical results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed model for CLSM image deconvolution.