Ludovica Crescenzi1, Antonio Pecoraro1, Andrea Fiorentino2, Remo Poto1, Gilda Varricchi1, Antonio Rispo2, Filomena Morisco2, Giuseppe Spadaro3. 1. Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. 2. Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. 3. Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. Electronic address: spadaro@unina.it.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Up to 50% of patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) present persistently increased serum levels of liver enzymes and/or mild hepatomegaly. Ultrasound-based transient elastography (TE) is largely used for early detection of the progression of chronic liver diseases, but has never been employed in CVID. We performed a cross-sectional study to evaluate TE values in a cohort of adult CVID-patients. METHODS: Full blood count, liver function test, liver and spleen sonogram and ultrasound-based TE were performed in 77 adult CVID patients. Demographic and clinical data were retrospectively collected from medical files. RESULTS: 33.8% (26/77) patients presented increased TE values ranging from moderate fibrosis to cirrhosis. TE values were positively correlated with ALP, γGT, spleen longitudinal diameter and peripheral blood counts (no significant correlation with BMI, AST, ALT, total proteins, albumin, bilirubin and hemoglobin). Moreover, liver stiffness was higher in patients with the clinical phenotypes polyclonal lymphoproliferation and enteropathy, and patients with both these complications had an increased risk (OR: 7.14) of presenting pathologic TE values compared with those without anyone of these. CONCLUSIONS: Transient elastography is a useful tool to be used alongside clinical and laboratory data to assess liver involvement in CVID.
BACKGROUND: Up to 50% of patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) present persistently increased serum levels of liver enzymes and/or mild hepatomegaly. Ultrasound-based transient elastography (TE) is largely used for early detection of the progression of chronic liver diseases, but has never been employed in CVID. We performed a cross-sectional study to evaluate TE values in a cohort of adult CVID-patients. METHODS: Full blood count, liver function test, liver and spleen sonogram and ultrasound-based TE were performed in 77 adult CVIDpatients. Demographic and clinical data were retrospectively collected from medical files. RESULTS: 33.8% (26/77) patients presented increased TE values ranging from moderate fibrosis to cirrhosis. TE values were positively correlated with ALP, γGT, spleen longitudinal diameter and peripheral blood counts (no significant correlation with BMI, AST, ALT, total proteins, albumin, bilirubin and hemoglobin). Moreover, liver stiffness was higher in patients with the clinical phenotypes polyclonal lymphoproliferation and enteropathy, and patients with both these complications had an increased risk (OR: 7.14) of presenting pathologic TE values compared with those without anyone of these. CONCLUSIONS: Transient elastography is a useful tool to be used alongside clinical and laboratory data to assess liver involvement in CVID.
Authors: Daniel V DiGiacomo; Jessica E Shay; Rory Crotty; Nancy Yang; Patricia Bloom; Kathleen Corey; Sara Barmettler; Jocelyn R Farmer Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2022-05-06 Impact factor: 8.786