BACKGROUND: Limited research reports on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), sleep, and gross motor skills (GMS) in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to (1) describe BMI, PA, SB, sleep duration, and GMS proficiency in South African preschool children and (2) identify relationships between variables. METHODS: BMI, including z scores for height, weight, and BMI were determined. Seven-day PA, SB, and sleep were measured using accelerometry. GMS were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development (second edition). Associations were explored by comparing sleep, PA, SB, and GMS between BMI tertiles using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: Most (86%) children (n = 78, 50% boys) had a healthy BMI (15.7 [1.3] kg/m2). Children spent 560.5 (52.9) minutes per day in light- to vigorous-intensity PA and 90.9 (30.0) minutes per day in moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA; most (83%) met the current PA guideline. Nocturnal sleep duration was low (9.28 [0.80] h/d). Although daytime naps increased 24-hour sleep duration (10.17 [0.71] h/d), 38% were classified as short sleepers. Around half (54.9%) of participants complied with both PA and sleep guidelines. No associations between variables were found. CONCLUSION: Despite being lean, sufficiently active, and having adequate GMS, many children were short sleepers, highlighting a possible area for intervention.
BACKGROUND: Limited research reports on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), sleep, and gross motor skills (GMS) in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to (1) describe BMI, PA, SB, sleep duration, and GMS proficiency in South African preschool children and (2) identify relationships between variables. METHODS: BMI, including z scores for height, weight, and BMI were determined. Seven-day PA, SB, and sleep were measured using accelerometry. GMS were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development (second edition). Associations were explored by comparing sleep, PA, SB, and GMS between BMI tertiles using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: Most (86%) children (n = 78, 50% boys) had a healthy BMI (15.7 [1.3] kg/m2). Children spent 560.5 (52.9) minutes per day in light- to vigorous-intensity PA and 90.9 (30.0) minutes per day in moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA; most (83%) met the current PA guideline. Nocturnal sleep duration was low (9.28 [0.80] h/d). Although daytime naps increased 24-hour sleep duration (10.17 [0.71] h/d), 38% were classified as short sleepers. Around half (54.9%) of participants complied with both PA and sleep guidelines. No associations between variables were found. CONCLUSION: Despite being lean, sufficiently active, and having adequate GMS, many children were short sleepers, highlighting a possible area for intervention.
Entities:
Keywords:
accelerometry; body composition; pediatrics
Authors: Dale E Rae; Simone A Tomaz; Rachel A Jones; Trina Hinkley; Rhian Twine; Kathleen Kahn; Shane A Norris; Catherine E Draper Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2021-03-23 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Yunfei Zheng; Weibing Ye; Mallikarjuna Korivi; Yubo Liu; Feng Hong Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-07-07 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Clarice Maria de Lucena Martins; Cain Craig Truman Clark; Paulo Felipe Ribeiro Bandeira; Jorge Mota; Michael Joseph Duncan Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2020-07-28 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Caroline M Sedumedi; Xanne Janssen; John J Reilly; Herculina S Kruger; Makama Andries Monyeki Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-06-15 Impact factor: 3.390