Culture of mesothelial cells from bovine pericardium and characterization of their arachidonate metabolism.

Cultures of mesothelial cells from bovine pericardium were established and their arachidonate metabolism was characterized. The identification of the cultured cells was based on morphological observations, and by electrophoretic analysis of cytoskeletal proteins, which demonstrated a pattern previously reported for mesothelial cells. Factor VIII-related antigen was present by indirect immunofluorescence, but the cells had no thrombomodulin activity. The cultured pericardial cells metabolized arachidonic acid to 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha and a small amount of prostaglandin E2. The same metabolites were produced by pieces of intact parietal pericardium but not by pieces from which mesothelium had been removed. The cultured mesothelial cells produced 94.6 +/- 60.4 (mean +/- S.D.) ng/mg (n = 3) cell protein of 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha in response to the calcium ionophore A23187, 117.3 +/- 13.6 ng/mg (n = 3) with exogenous arachidonic acid, 18.3 +/- 11.3 ng/mg (n = 5) with bradykinin, 8.4 +/- 4.3 ng/kg (n = 4) with histamine and 11.2 +/- 9.7 ng/mg (n = 5) with thrombin. All of these values were significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than the control (2.1 +/- 1 ng/mg; n = 5). From these results, we conclude that the mesothelial cells account for the arachidonate metabolism in the pericardium. The production of prostaglandin I2 occurs in response to physiological or pathological, agonists, and is substantial. That is, it is approximately the same as endothelial cells. The release of eicosanoids by mesothelial cells into the pericardial space may have a significant role in cardiac physiology and pathology.