José Haba-Rubio1, Jelena Vujica1, Yannick Franc2, Patrik Michel3, Raphaël Heinzer1. 1. Center for Investigation and Research in Sleep (CIRS), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland. 2. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland. 3. Stroke Center, Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in patients with moderate to severe sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) after an ischemic stroke. METHODS: We identified patients included in the Acute Stroke Registry and Analysis of Lausanne (ASTRAL) who underwent polysomnography after an ischemic stroke. We compared patients without significant SDB (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] < 15 events/h: SDB-), with AHI ≥ 15 events/h who refused CPAP or with poor CPAP adherence (SDB+ CPAP-), and patients with SDB effectively treated by CPAP (SDB+ CPAP+). RESULTS: We analyzed data from 101 patients (age 68.5 ± 11.1 years, 84.1% men). In multivariate analysis the SDB+ CPAP+ group was associated with a significant reduction of stroke recurrence and mortality (odds ratio 0.13, 95% confidence interval 0.00-0.86, P = .031), whereas atrial fibrillation was independently associated with a higher risk (odds ratio 4.32, 95% confidence interval 1.51-12.33, P = .006). Event-free survival analysis (stroke recurrence and death) after 2-year follow-up showed that those in the SDB+ CPAP+ group had significantly higher cardiovascular survival, and Cox proportion hazard model identified CPAP treatment as significantly associated with survival time (P = .025). The AHI and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale subacute score were independently associated with CPAP adherence among patients with SDB. CONCLUSIONS: This observational study shows that CPAP treatment in stroke patients with moderate to severe SDB is associated with lower rates of stroke recurrence and death.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in patients with moderate to severe sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) after an ischemic stroke. METHODS: We identified patients included in the Acute Stroke Registry and Analysis of Lausanne (ASTRAL) who underwent polysomnography after an ischemic stroke. We compared patients without significant SDB (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] < 15 events/h: SDB-), with AHI ≥ 15 events/h who refused CPAP or with poor CPAP adherence (SDB+ CPAP-), and patients with SDB effectively treated by CPAP (SDB+ CPAP+). RESULTS: We analyzed data from 101 patients (age 68.5 ± 11.1 years, 84.1% men). In multivariate analysis the SDB+ CPAP+ group was associated with a significant reduction of stroke recurrence and mortality (odds ratio 0.13, 95% confidence interval 0.00-0.86, P = .031), whereas atrial fibrillation was independently associated with a higher risk (odds ratio 4.32, 95% confidence interval 1.51-12.33, P = .006). Event-free survival analysis (stroke recurrence and death) after 2-year follow-up showed that those in the SDB+ CPAP+ group had significantly higher cardiovascular survival, and Cox proportion hazard model identified CPAP treatment as significantly associated with survival time (P = .025). The AHI and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale subacute score were independently associated with CPAP adherence among patients with SDB. CONCLUSIONS: This observational study shows that CPAP treatment in strokepatients with moderate to severe SDB is associated with lower rates of stroke recurrence and death.
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