Enrico Heffler1,2, Luca Malvezzi3, Francesca Pirola3, Natalia Zięba4, Giovanni Paoletti1,2, Giuseppe Mercante2,3, Giuseppe Spriano2,3, Giorgio Walter Canonica1,2. 1. Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano. 2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele. 3. E.N.T., Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy. 4. Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology in Zabrze, the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a complex inflammatory sinonasal disease that deserves a multidisciplinary precision medicine approach. In a precision medicine model, a more pragmatic approach taking in consideration disease features that are potentially treatable should be considered. RECENT FINDINGS: Several treatable traits in CRSwNP can be identified: from disease-related ones, to extra-ENT features, to behavioral and environmental factors. This review article summarizes primarily the recent findings of CRSwNP-related treatable traits and how they can be modified by given treatments. SUMMARY: The advent of biological agents acting directly to the endotype underlying CRSwNP pushes the scientific community to integrate clinical, surgical and immunological evaluations for each single patient; this naturally leads to the identification of specific treatable traits that can serve as possible outcomes for any single biological.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a complex inflammatory sinonasal disease that deserves a multidisciplinary precision medicine approach. In a precision medicine model, a more pragmatic approach taking in consideration disease features that are potentially treatable should be considered. RECENT FINDINGS: Several treatable traits in CRSwNP can be identified: from disease-related ones, to extra-ENT features, to behavioral and environmental factors. This review article summarizes primarily the recent findings of CRSwNP-related treatable traits and how they can be modified by given treatments. SUMMARY: The advent of biological agents acting directly to the endotype underlying CRSwNP pushes the scientific community to integrate clinical, surgical and immunological evaluations for each single patient; this naturally leads to the identification of specific treatable traits that can serve as possible outcomes for any single biological.