Ya-Jing Chen1, Zhuang-Zhuang Tang1, Lei Du1, Yue Liu1, Qian Lu1, Teng-Fei Ma2, Yao-Wu Liu3. 1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China. 2. School of pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166,Jiangsu, China. 3. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address: ywliu@xzhmu.edu.cn.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD) is increasingly being concerned, and oxidative stress plays a vital role in the pathological process. AB-38b is a novel synthetic compound with two specific active groups of biphenyl dicarboxylate and α, β unsaturated ketone, showing good antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effects of AB-38b on DACD in mice, and to explore the possible mechanisms from glyoxylase 1 (Glo-1) enhancement and NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) activation. METHODS: Experimental type 2 mouse model of diabetes with C57BL/6 mice was made through high-fat diet combining with intraperitoneal streptozotocin. Diabetic mice were treated by gavage with AB-38b (0, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) or resveratrol (40 mg/kg), a typical inducer of Nrf2, for 8 weeks. Cognitive performances were evaluated by the novel object recognition task. Then brain tissues were collected to assess hippocampal damages, protein glycation, Glo-1 functions and protein expression, and the classic Nrf2/ARE pathway. RESULT: AB-38b markedly increased the preference index to novel object and the number of neurons in hippocampal CA1 area of diabetic mice. AB-38b significantly elevated the activity and protein of Glo-1, while reduced the levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and protein expression of its receptor RAGE. Moreover, AB-38b raised Nrf2 expression and phosphorylation, as well as the protein expression and enzymatic activity of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, a well-known gene of Nrf2/ARE pathway, in hippocampus of the diabetic mice. CONCLUSION: AB-38b improved the cognitive performances of diabetic mice, which was achieved via up-regulation of Glo-1 and activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway.
OBJECTIVE:Diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD) is increasingly being concerned, and oxidative stress plays a vital role in the pathological process. AB-38b is a novel synthetic compound with two specific active groups of biphenyl dicarboxylate and α, β unsaturated ketone, showing good antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effects of AB-38b on DACD in mice, and to explore the possible mechanisms from glyoxylase 1 (Glo-1) enhancement and NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) activation. METHODS: Experimental type 2 mouse model of diabetes with C57BL/6 mice was made through high-fat diet combining with intraperitoneal streptozotocin. Diabeticmice were treated by gavage with AB-38b (0, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) or resveratrol (40 mg/kg), a typical inducer of Nrf2, for 8 weeks. Cognitive performances were evaluated by the novel object recognition task. Then brain tissues were collected to assess hippocampal damages, protein glycation, Glo-1 functions and protein expression, and the classic Nrf2/ARE pathway. RESULT: AB-38b markedly increased the preference index to novel object and the number of neurons in hippocampal CA1 area of diabeticmice. AB-38b significantly elevated the activity and protein of Glo-1, while reduced the levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and protein expression of its receptor RAGE. Moreover, AB-38b raised Nrf2 expression and phosphorylation, as well as the protein expression and enzymatic activity of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, a well-known gene of Nrf2/ARE pathway, in hippocampus of the diabeticmice. CONCLUSION:AB-38b improved the cognitive performances of diabeticmice, which was achieved via up-regulation of Glo-1 and activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway.