María Angeles Avecilla-Benítez1, Isabel Sospedra2, Antonio Cano-Climent3, Miguel Richart-Martínez4, Antonio Oliver-Roig5. 1. Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain. 2. Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain. Electronic address: isospedra@ua.es. 3. Hospital General d'Ontinyent, Conselleria de Sanitat Universal i Salut Pública, Ontinyent, Spain. 4. Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain. Electronic address: m.richart@ua.es. 5. Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain. Electronic address: Antonio.Oliver@ua.es.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To develop and validate a new questionnaire assessing feeding styles in toddlers, the Toddler Feeding Style Questionnaire (TFSQ). DESIGN AND METHODS: An instrumental design was used in this study. A convenience sample of 546 Spanish mothers of a toddler (12-24 months-old) completed the TFSQ and a web-based survey to obtain data on feeding styles, sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, weaning and attachment style. Items were developed and classified into two content domains: responsiveness and demandingness. For the construct validity analysis, the sample was randomly divided into two halves used to the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. Validation hypotheses about the differences in the TFSQ scores were suggested. RESULTS: The factorial analysis revealed a responsiveness scale and a demandingness scale. The McDonald's Omega and Cronbach's alpha values coincided in both scales, being 0.84 and 0.75, respectively. A high responsiveness and demandingness feeding styles degree of agreement showed a statistically significant association with the correspondent scale (p < .01). The 33.3% of children who are overweight or obese have mothers who classify themselves as neglectful. Both scales were related to the mothers' attachment styles, toddler's age and the time of weaning at 6 and 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: The TFSQ provides a valid and reliable Responsiveness and Demandingness scale to evaluate feeding styles in toddlers. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Parental feeding styles influence future eating behavior and children's weight. There is a lack of validated instruments used to evaluate feeding styles in toddlerhood based on the two theoretical dimensions of responsiveness and demandingness.
PURPOSE: To develop and validate a new questionnaire assessing feeding styles in toddlers, the Toddler Feeding Style Questionnaire (TFSQ). DESIGN AND METHODS: An instrumental design was used in this study. A convenience sample of 546 Spanish mothers of a toddler (12-24 months-old) completed the TFSQ and a web-based survey to obtain data on feeding styles, sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, weaning and attachment style. Items were developed and classified into two content domains: responsiveness and demandingness. For the construct validity analysis, the sample was randomly divided into two halves used to the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. Validation hypotheses about the differences in the TFSQ scores were suggested. RESULTS: The factorial analysis revealed a responsiveness scale and a demandingness scale. The McDonald's Omega and Cronbach's alpha values coincided in both scales, being 0.84 and 0.75, respectively. A high responsiveness and demandingness feeding styles degree of agreement showed a statistically significant association with the correspondent scale (p < .01). The 33.3% of children who are overweight or obese have mothers who classify themselves as neglectful. Both scales were related to the mothers' attachment styles, toddler's age and the time of weaning at 6 and 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: The TFSQ provides a valid and reliable Responsiveness and Demandingness scale to evaluate feeding styles in toddlers. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Parental feeding styles influence future eating behavior and children's weight. There is a lack of validated instruments used to evaluate feeding styles in toddlerhood based on the two theoretical dimensions of responsiveness and demandingness.
Authors: Andrea Jimeno-Martínez; Ivie Maneschy; Luis A Moreno; Gloria Bueno-Lozano; Pilar De Miguel-Etayo; Katherine Flores-Rojas; Jose Manuel Jurado-Castro; Carmela de Lamas; Rocio Vázquez-Cobela; Raúl Martinez-Lacruz; Olga Portoles; J Alfredo Martínez; Santiago Navas-Carretero; Helmut Schröder; Montserrat Fitó; Nancy Babio; Jordi Salas-Salvadó; Rosaura Leis; Mercedes Gil-Campos; Azahara I Rupérez Journal: Front Psychol Date: 2022-05-04
Authors: Elena Martí-Solsona; Víctor M González-Chordá; Laura Andreu-Pejo; Águeda Cervera-Gasch; Maria Jesús Valero-Chillerón; Desirée Mena-Tudela Journal: Nurs Rep Date: 2020-12-01