Lorenzo Gaetani1, Nicola Salvadori2, Viviana Lisetti2, Paolo Eusebi2, Andrea Mancini2, Lucia Gentili2, Angela Borrelli2, Emilio Portaccio3, Paola Sarchielli2, Kaj Blennow4,5, Henrik Zetterberg4,5,6,7, Lucilla Parnetti2, Paolo Calabresi2,8, Massimiliano Di Filippo2. 1. Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Santa Maria Della Misericordia Hospital, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy. loregaeta@gmail.com. 2. Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Santa Maria Della Misericordia Hospital, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy. 3. SOC Neurologia, San Giovanni Di Dio Hospital, AUSL Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy. 4. Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy At the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden. 5. Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden. 6. Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK. 7. UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK. 8. IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment (CI) is a disabling symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS). Axonal damage disrupts neural circuits and may play a role in determining CI, but its detection and monitoring are not routinely performed. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a promising marker of axonal damage in MS. OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively examine the relationship between CSF NfL and CI in MS patients. METHODS: CSF NfL concentration was measured in 28 consecutive newly diagnosed MS patients who underwent a neuropsychological evaluation with the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological tests (BRBN). RESULTS: CSF NfL was higher in patients with overall CI (947.8 ± 400.7 vs 518.4 ± 424.7 pg/mL, p < 0.01), and with impairment in information processing speed (IPS) (820.8 ± 413.6 vs 513.6 ± 461.4 pg/mL, p < 0.05) and verbal fluency (1292 ± 511 vs 582.8 ± 395.4 pg/mL, p < 0.05), and it positively correlated with the number of impaired BRBN tests (r = 0.48, p = 0.01) and cognitive domains (r = 0.47, p = 0.01). Multivariate analyses taking into account potential confounders confirmed these findings. CONCLUSION: CSF NfL is higher in MS patients with CI and impaired IPS and verbal fluency. Large myelinated axons injury, causing neural disconnection, may be an important determinant of CI in MS and can be reliably measured through CSF NfL.
BACKGROUND:Cognitive impairment (CI) is a disabling symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS). Axonal damage disrupts neural circuits and may play a role in determining CI, but its detection and monitoring are not routinely performed. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a promising marker of axonal damage in MS. OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively examine the relationship between CSF NfL and CI in MSpatients. METHODS: CSF NfL concentration was measured in 28 consecutive newly diagnosed MSpatients who underwent a neuropsychological evaluation with the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological tests (BRBN). RESULTS: CSF NfL was higher in patients with overall CI (947.8 ± 400.7 vs 518.4 ± 424.7 pg/mL, p < 0.01), and with impairment in information processing speed (IPS) (820.8 ± 413.6 vs 513.6 ± 461.4 pg/mL, p < 0.05) and verbal fluency (1292 ± 511 vs 582.8 ± 395.4 pg/mL, p < 0.05), and it positively correlated with the number of impaired BRBN tests (r = 0.48, p = 0.01) and cognitive domains (r = 0.47, p = 0.01). Multivariate analyses taking into account potential confounders confirmed these findings. CONCLUSION: CSF NfL is higher in MSpatients with CI and impaired IPS and verbal fluency. Large myelinated axons injury, causing neural disconnection, may be an important determinant of CI in MS and can be reliably measured through CSF NfL.
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