Effects of hypercapnia on phrenic and stretch receptor responses to lung inflation.

To determine if hypercapnia and reflex bronchoconstriction attenuate lung inflation effects on ventilatory activity by indirect effects on intrapulmonary stretch receptors (PSR), phrenic nerve activity and single unit PSR were monitored at controlled levels of static airway pressure (Paw) and arterial PCO2 in 15 anesthetized dogs. Paw in a vascularly isolated lung was varied between 2 and 14 cm H2O at levels of PaCO2 between 35 and 85 mm Hg. PSR activity (n = 38) in fine strands dissected from an otherwise intact vagus nerve and the integrated phrenic neurogram were recorded. The response to Paw varied from one PSR to another, but was consistent in a given unit; PaCO2 had no consistent effect on individual responses. Selected PSR (n = 15) were averaged to yield a population response to Paw; the selection criteria were: phrenic activity responded briskly to Paw and measurements were made at three levels of PaCO2. Average PSR discharge increased linearly with Paw but was unaffected by PaCO2. On the other hand, phrenic burst frequency decreased as Paw increased and hypercapnia attenuated the slope of this relationship. These results suggest that effects on the relationship between PSR activity and Paw cannot account for attenuation of the relationship between phrenic frequency and Paw in hypercapnia. The effect of PaCO2 on the phrenic frequency vs Paw relationship probably arises from integrative mechanisms in the central nervous system.