Astrocytes: Emerging Therapeutic Targets in Neurological Disorders.

Astrocytes fulfil several functions that collectively contribute to maintain the optimal microenvironment for neuronal function and survival. The multiplicity and complexity of these activities clearly indicates that the correct performance of astrocytes is crucial for the physiological functioning of the nervous system, and its derangement may contribute to the occurrence and progression of many neurological disorders. Although rectifying astrocyte malfunction has successfully counteracted disease pathogenesis and outcome in many preclinical settings, the translation of this revolutionary approach into clinical practice urges the development of innovative, safe, and effective systems for both the selective delivery of therapeutics to the astrocytes and astrocyte replacement strategies.