Pallav Pokhrel1, Francis Dalisay2, Ian Pagano1, Wayne Buente3, Elizabeth Guerrero4, Thaddeus A Herzog1. 1. 1 University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA. 2. 2 College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences, University of Guam, UOG Station, Mangilao, Guam. 3. 3 School of Communications, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA. 4. 4 Tobacco Prevention & Control Program, Department of Public Health and Social Services, Mangilao, Guam.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of, and the risk and protective factors associated with, tobacco product use among adolescents in Guam, a US-Affiliated Pacific Island (USAPI) territory. To examine disparities in risk and protective factors across indigenous and nonindigenous groups. DESIGN: Quantitative; cross-sectional. SETTING: Middle and high schools in Guam. SAMPLE: The Global Youth Tobacco Survey sample included a representative sample of 2449 6th to 12th graders (71% response rate). Sample for the supplemental study included 670 middle school students (76% response rate across randomly selected classrooms). MEASURES: Self-reported measures of lifetime and past 30-day tobacco and betel nut use, social competence, resistance self-efficacy, risk perceptions, friend and family tobacco product use, and ease of access to tobacco products. ANALYSIS: Multilevel logistic regression and analysis of covariance. RESULTS: The prevalence rates of current cigarette, smokeless tobacco, and e-cigarette use among middle school students were 8%, 8%, and 25%, respectively. Ability to resist social pressure to use tobacco/betel nut use was strongly associated with lower likelihood of tobacco (odds ratio [OR] = 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68-0.84) and betel nut use (OR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.67-0.82). Indigenous Pacific Islanders scored significantly lower on protective and higher on risk factors. CONCLUSION: Tobacco product use rates among Guam middle school students appear to be 4 to 5 times higher than the US national average rates. There is an urgent need for developing tobacco and betel nut use prevention programs for USAPI youth that are tailored to the needs of indigenous Pacific Islanders.
PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of, and the risk and protective factors associated with, tobacco product use among adolescents in Guam, a US-Affiliated Pacific Island (USAPI) territory. To examine disparities in risk and protective factors across indigenous and nonindigenous groups. DESIGN: Quantitative; cross-sectional. SETTING: Middle and high schools in Guam. SAMPLE: The Global Youth Tobacco Survey sample included a representative sample of 2449 6th to 12th graders (71% response rate). Sample for the supplemental study included 670 middle school students (76% response rate across randomly selected classrooms). MEASURES: Self-reported measures of lifetime and past 30-day tobacco and betelnut use, social competence, resistance self-efficacy, risk perceptions, friend and family tobacco product use, and ease of access to tobacco products. ANALYSIS: Multilevel logistic regression and analysis of covariance. RESULTS: The prevalence rates of current cigarette, smokeless tobacco, and e-cigarette use among middle school students were 8%, 8%, and 25%, respectively. Ability to resist social pressure to use tobacco/betelnut use was strongly associated with lower likelihood of tobacco (odds ratio [OR] = 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68-0.84) and betelnut use (OR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.67-0.82). Indigenous Pacific Islanders scored significantly lower on protective and higher on risk factors. CONCLUSION:Tobacco product use rates among Guam middle school students appear to be 4 to 5 times higher than the US national average rates. There is an urgent need for developing tobacco and betelnut use prevention programs for USAPI youth that are tailored to the needs of indigenous Pacific Islanders.
Authors: Andrea S Gentzke; MeLisa Creamer; Karen A Cullen; Bridget K Ambrose; Gordon Willis; Ahmed Jamal; Brian A King Journal: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Date: 2019-02-15 Impact factor: 17.586
Authors: Yvette C Paulino; Anthony Ada; John Dizon; Elisha-Rose J Benavente; Katherine Mary De Luna Campbell; Breinard Cristobal; Alexandria Daughtry; Lorenz Michael O Estabillo; Victoria Diana Cruz Flisco; Grazyna Badowski; Margaret Hattori-Uchima Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2021-11-03 Impact factor: 4.135
Authors: Wayne Buente; Francis Dalisay; Pallav Pokhrel; Hanae Kurihara Kramer; Ian Pagano Journal: J Med Internet Res Date: 2020-07-09 Impact factor: 5.428