Pankaj Sakhuja1, Kiran More2, Joseph Y Ting3, Jesal Sheth4, Annie Lapointe5, Amish Jain6, Patrick J McNamara7, Aideen M Moore8. 1. Division of Neonatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Department of Neonatology, London Neonatal Transfer Service, Royal London Hospital, London, UK. Electronic address: pankaj.sakhuja@nhs.net. 2. Division of Neonatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. 3. Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 4. Fortis Hospital, Mumbai, India. 5. Ste-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada. 6. Division of Neonatology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. 7. Division of Neonatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. 8. Division of Neonatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is associated with disturbances in visceral blood flow velocities. Therapeutic Hypothermia (TH) is a standard of care; however, its impact on gastrointestinal blood flow in infants with HIE is unknown. The objective of this study was to assess gastrointestinal (GI) blood flow and left ventricle output (LVO) in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy during whole body TH and after rewarming. METHODS: Serial echocardiography and Doppler evaluation of intestinal blood flow (celiac (CA) and superior mesenteric (SMA) arteries) were prospectively performed in a cohort of 20 newborn infants with HIE at 4 time points during hypothermia and after rewarming. Demographic, clinical and biochemical data were collected and analyzed for their relevance. RESULTS: Median gestational age and birth weight was 40 weeks (37-41) and 3410 g (2190-4950) respectively. Celiac and mesenteric artery flow remained low during hypothermia and rose significantly after rewarming [peak systolic velocity in CA (0.63 m/s to 0.77 m/s, p = 0.004) and SMA (0.43 m/s to 0.55 m/s, p = 0.001)]. This increase was temporally associated with increased left ventricular output (106 ml/kg/min to 149 ml/kg/min, p < 0.0001). Median age to reach 25% of the feeds was 5 days (1-7 days). All patients survived. CONCLUSIONS: CA and SMA blood flow velocity and LVO did not vary during hypothermia but rose after rewarming. This may suggest protective effect of therapeutic hypothermia on gastrointestinal system. The association of these physiological changes with neonatal outcome needs further assessment.
BACKGROUND:Hypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy (HIE) is associated with disturbances in visceral blood flow velocities. Therapeutic Hypothermia (TH) is a standard of care; however, its impact on gastrointestinal blood flow in infants with HIE is unknown. The objective of this study was to assess gastrointestinal (GI) blood flow and left ventricle output (LVO) in infants with hypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy during whole body TH and after rewarming. METHODS: Serial echocardiography and Doppler evaluation of intestinal blood flow (celiac (CA) and superior mesenteric (SMA) arteries) were prospectively performed in a cohort of 20 newborn infants with HIE at 4 time points during hypothermia and after rewarming. Demographic, clinical and biochemical data were collected and analyzed for their relevance. RESULTS: Median gestational age and birth weight was 40 weeks (37-41) and 3410 g (2190-4950) respectively. Celiac and mesenteric artery flow remained low during hypothermia and rose significantly after rewarming [peak systolic velocity in CA (0.63 m/s to 0.77 m/s, p = 0.004) and SMA (0.43 m/s to 0.55 m/s, p = 0.001)]. This increase was temporally associated with increased left ventricular output (106 ml/kg/min to 149 ml/kg/min, p < 0.0001). Median age to reach 25% of the feeds was 5 days (1-7 days). All patients survived. CONCLUSIONS: CA and SMA blood flow velocity and LVO did not vary during hypothermia but rose after rewarming. This may suggest protective effect of therapeutic hypothermia on gastrointestinal system. The association of these physiological changes with neonatal outcome needs further assessment.
Authors: Daniel Mota-Rojas; Dina Villanueva-García; Alfonso Solimano; Ramon Muns; Daniel Ibarra-Ríos; Andrea Mota-Reyes Journal: Biomedicines Date: 2022-02-01