Chimeric antigen receptor-engineered regulatory T lymphocytes: promise for immunotherapy of autoimmune disease.

Regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) exist as natural ideal immunosuppressors in the immune system. Autologous or allogeneic Treg transfusion therapy has been carried out in animal models and humans as a new strategy for treating autoimmune disease. Recent studies have shown that Tregs can be engineered with chimeric antigen receptors to be antigen-specific, which are more effective than polyclonal Tregs with fewer target limitations and a lack of major histocompatibility complex restriction. This review describes the potential for applying chimeric antigen receptor-engineered regulatory T cells in autoimmune diseases.