Noorie Choi1, Kyubo Kim2, Kyung Hwan Shin3, Yumi Kim4, Hyeong-Gon Moon4, Won Park5, Doo Ho Choi5, Su Ssan Kim6, Seung Do Ahn7, Tae Hyun Kim8, Mison Chun9, Yong Bae Kim10, Suzy Kim11, Byung Ock Choi12, Jin Hee Kim13. 1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. 2. Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: shin.kyunghwan@gmail.com. 4. Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 5. Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 6. Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 7. Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: sdahn@amc.seoul.kr. 8. Proton Therapy Center, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea. 9. Department of Radiation Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea. 10. Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 11. Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 12. Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 13. Department of Radiation Oncology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Despite margin-negative breast-conserving surgery (BCS), phyllodes tumors (PT) of the breast show high local recurrence (LR) rates. In this study we aimed to assess the site and grade of LR to identify high-risk patients after initial treatment of malignant and borderline PT using BCS alone. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1981 to 2014, 312 patients with malignant (n = 164) and borderline (n = 148) PT were treated using BCS alone at 10 centers. LR was defined as true recurrence (TR) if < 2 cm from the primary tumor bed and as elsewhere failure (EF) if otherwise. RESULTS: At a median of 21 months, LR occurred in 17.6% (55 of 312), 18.9% (31 of 164) among malignant and 16.2% (24 of 148) among borderline PT (P = .636). Only 1.9% (6 of 312) had EF. Five-year cumulative LR rates were 14.7% and 35.9% after margin-negative and -positive BCS, respectively (P < .001). Positive margin was an independent risk factor for TR (P = .002) and EF (P = .002). In multivariable competing risk regression of patients with negative margins < 1 cm (n = 115), age < 35 years (P = .001), and tumor size ≥ 5 cm (P = .008) independently increased LR risk. Of patients who experienced a LR, 30.9% (17 of 55) had a second or third repeated event. Borderline-to-malignant transformation rates increased at each LR event: 4.1% (6 of 148), 12.5% (3 of 24), and 77.8% (7 of 9) at first, second, and third LR, respectively (P = .006). CONCLUSION: LRs almost always develop near the primary tumor bed. Many patients experience multiple events, with heightened risk of borderline-to-malignant transformation at each subsequent event. For patients with negative margins < 1 cm, younger age and larger tumor size are independent risk factors for increased LR.
BACKGROUND: Despite margin-negative breast-conserving surgery (BCS), phyllodestumors (PT) of the breast show high local recurrence (LR) rates. In this study we aimed to assess the site and grade of LR to identify high-risk patients after initial treatment of malignant and borderline PT using BCS alone. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1981 to 2014, 312 patients with malignant (n = 164) and borderline (n = 148) PT were treated using BCS alone at 10 centers. LR was defined as true recurrence (TR) if < 2 cm from the primary tumor bed and as elsewhere failure (EF) if otherwise. RESULTS: At a median of 21 months, LR occurred in 17.6% (55 of 312), 18.9% (31 of 164) among malignant and 16.2% (24 of 148) among borderline PT (P = .636). Only 1.9% (6 of 312) had EF. Five-year cumulative LR rates were 14.7% and 35.9% after margin-negative and -positive BCS, respectively (P < .001). Positive margin was an independent risk factor for TR (P = .002) and EF (P = .002). In multivariable competing risk regression of patients with negative margins < 1 cm (n = 115), age < 35 years (P = .001), and tumor size ≥ 5 cm (P = .008) independently increased LR risk. Of patients who experienced a LR, 30.9% (17 of 55) had a second or third repeated event. Borderline-to-malignant transformation rates increased at each LR event: 4.1% (6 of 148), 12.5% (3 of 24), and 77.8% (7 of 9) at first, second, and third LR, respectively (P = .006). CONCLUSION: LRs almost always develop near the primary tumor bed. Many patients experience multiple events, with heightened risk of borderline-to-malignant transformation at each subsequent event. For patients with negative margins < 1 cm, younger age and larger tumor size are independent risk factors for increased LR.
Authors: Qiang Li; Yao Liu; Jiajia Bai; Song Zhao; Yawen Wang; Arzoo Shabbir; Kai Zhang; Fan Jiang; Jiang Zhu; Rong Ma; Jianli Wang Journal: BMC Womens Health Date: 2022-02-05 Impact factor: 2.809