Jian-Yong Wu1, Eric Hy Lau2, Jun Yuan3, Ming-Ling Lu4, Chao-Jun Xie5, Kui-Biao Li6, Xiao-Wei Ma7, Jian-Dong Chen8, Yan-Hui Liu9, Lan Cao10, Mei-Xia Li11, Biao Di12, Yu-Fei Liu13, Jian-Yun Lu14, Tie-Gang Li15, Xin-Cai Xiao16, Da-Hu Wang17, Zhi-Cong Yang18, Jia-Hai Lu19. 1. School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: chienyung@foxmail.com. 2. School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. Electronic address: ehylau@hku.hk. 3. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: 457387023@qq.com. 4. School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: 875941600@qq.com. 5. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: xiechaojun303@qq.com. 6. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: likuibiao@qq.com. 7. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: 103073279@qq.com. 8. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: 491143185@qq.com. 9. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: 84321988@qq.com. 10. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: 399427813@qq.com. 11. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: 1030724299@qq.com. 12. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: biao65di@yahoo.com. 13. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: 1787446105@qq.com. 14. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: 258506273@qq.com. 15. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: tiegang1977@126.com. 16. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: biotin2001@163.com. 17. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: 371258275@qq.com. 18. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: yangzc@gzcdc.org.cn. 19. School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; One Health Center of Excellence for Research and Training, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: lujiahai@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) poise significant risk to human health and the poultry industry. We evaluated the transmission risk along the poultry supply chain. METHODS: During October 2015 and July 2016, four rounds of cross-sectional surveys were performed to characterize AIV spread in farms, transport vehicles, slaughterhouses, wholesale and retail live poultry markets (LPMs). Poultry cloacal and oral swabs, environmental swabs, bioaerosol samples and human sera were collected. Poultry and environmental samples were tested for AIVs by rRT-PCR, further subtyped by next generation sequencing. Previous human H9N2 infections were identified by hemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization tests. Logistic regression was fitted to compare AIV transmission risk in different settings. RESULTS: AIVs was detected in 23.9% (424/1771) of the poultry and environmental samples. AIV detection rates in farms, transport vehicles, wholesale and retail LPMs were 4.5%, 11.1%, 30.3% and 51.2%, respectively. 5.2%, 8.3% and 12.8% of the poultry workers were seropositive in farms, wholesale and retail LPMs, respectively. The regression analysis showed that virus detection and transmission risk to human increased progressively along the poultry supply chain. CONCLUSIONS: Strengthening control measures at every level along the poultry supply chain, using a one health approach, is crucial to control AIV circulation.
OBJECTIVES: Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) poise significant risk to human health and the poultry industry. We evaluated the transmission risk along the poultry supply chain. METHODS: During October 2015 and July 2016, four rounds of cross-sectional surveys were performed to characterize AIV spread in farms, transport vehicles, slaughterhouses, wholesale and retail live poultry markets (LPMs). Poultry cloacal and oral swabs, environmental swabs, bioaerosol samples and human sera were collected. Poultry and environmental samples were tested for AIVs by rRT-PCR, further subtyped by next generation sequencing. Previous humanH9N2infections were identified by hemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization tests. Logistic regression was fitted to compare AIV transmission risk in different settings. RESULTS: AIVs was detected in 23.9% (424/1771) of the poultry and environmental samples. AIV detection rates in farms, transport vehicles, wholesale and retail LPMs were 4.5%, 11.1%, 30.3% and 51.2%, respectively. 5.2%, 8.3% and 12.8% of the poultry workers were seropositive in farms, wholesale and retail LPMs, respectively. The regression analysis showed that virus detection and transmission risk to human increased progressively along the poultry supply chain. CONCLUSIONS: Strengthening control measures at every level along the poultry supply chain, using a one health approach, is crucial to control AIV circulation.
Authors: Lan Yi; Congcong Duan; Jianping Tao; Yong Huang; Meihua Xing; Zhongkun Zhu; Caifeng Tan; Xinglin Chen Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2020-10-30 Impact factor: 3.390
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