Ari Garber1, Miguel Regueiro2. 1. Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Digestive Disease and Surgical Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA. 2. Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Digestive Disease and Surgical Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA. REGUEIM@ccf.org.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represent a complex array of disease processes with variable epidemiologic penetrance, genetic antecedents, and phenotypic presentations. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of primary and secondary EIMs as well as salient treatment strategies utilized. RECENT FINDINGS: While the genetic antecedents remain incompletely understood, the treatment armamentarium for EIMs has expanded with new pharmaceutical drug classes that effectively treat IBD. EIMs are an increasingly recognized complication of IBD that require prompt recognition, multidisciplinary management, and a multifaceted therapeutic approach. This review highlights the complexities and ramifications of EIM management and offers therapeutic guidance.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represent a complex array of disease processes with variable epidemiologic penetrance, genetic antecedents, and phenotypic presentations. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of primary and secondary EIMs as well as salient treatment strategies utilized. RECENT FINDINGS: While the genetic antecedents remain incompletely understood, the treatment armamentarium for EIMs has expanded with new pharmaceutical drug classes that effectively treat IBD. EIMs are an increasingly recognized complication of IBD that require prompt recognition, multidisciplinary management, and a multifaceted therapeutic approach. This review highlights the complexities and ramifications of EIM management and offers therapeutic guidance.
Entities:
Keywords:
And phenotypic presentations; EIMs; Epidemiologic penetrance; Extraintestinal manifestations; Genetic antecedents; Inflammatory bowel disease; Large intestine
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