S Loibl1, M Untch2, N Burchardi3, J Huober4, B V Sinn5, J-U Blohmer6, E-M Grischke7, J Furlanetto3, H Tesch8, C Hanusch9, K Engels10, M Rezai11, C Jackisch12, W D Schmitt13, G von Minckwitz3, J Thomalla14, S Kümmel15, B Rautenberg16, P A Fasching17, K Weber3, K Rhiem18, C Denkert13, A Schneeweiss19. 1. German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg; Oncological Practice Bethanien, Cancer Center Frankfurt Northeast, Frankfurt am Main. Electronic address: sibylle.loibl@gbg.de. 2. HELIOS Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin. 3. German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg. 4. Brustzentrum, Universitätsfrauenklinik Ulm, Ulm. 5. Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin. 6. Gynäkologie mit Brustzentrum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin. 7. Universitätsfrauenklinik Tübingen, Tübingen. 8. Oncological Practice Bethanien, Cancer Center Frankfurt Northeast, Frankfurt am Main. 9. Rotkreuzklinikum München Frauenklinik, München. 10. Zentrum für Pathologie, Zytologie und Molekularpathologie Neuss, Neuss. 11. Medical Center, Luisenkrankenhaus Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf. 12. Brustzentrum, Sana-Klinikum Offenbach, Offenbach. 13. Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin. 14. Praxisklinik für Hämatologie und Onkologie Koblenz, Koblenz. 15. Breast Unit, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen. 16. Klinik für Frauenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg. 17. Brustzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen. 18. Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne. 19. National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Combining immune-checkpoint inhibitors with chemotherapy yielded an increased response rates in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Therefore, we evaluated the addition of durvalumab to standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in primary TNBC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: GeparNuevo is a randomised phase II double-blind placebo-controlled study randomising patients with TNBC to durvalumab or placebo given every 4 weeks in addition to nab-paclitaxel followed by standard EC. In the window-phase durvalumab/placebo alone was given 2 weeks before start of nab-paclitaxel. Randomisation was stratified by stromal tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte (sTILs). Patients with primary cT1b-cT4a-d disease, centrally confirmed TNBC and sTILs were included. Primary objective was pathological complete response (pCR) (ypT0 ypN0). RESULTS: A total of 174 patients were randomised, 117 participated in the window-phase. Median age was 49.5 years (range 23-76); 47 patients (27%) were younger than 40 years; 113 (65%) had stage ≥IIA disease, 25 (14%) high sTILs, 138 of 158 (87%) were PD-L1-positive. pCR rate with durvalumab was 53.4% (95% CI 42.5% to 61.4%) versus placebo 44.2% (95% CI 33.5% to 55.3%; unadjusted continuity corrected χ2P = 0.287), corresponding to OR = 1.45 (95% CI 0.80-2.63, unadjusted Wald P = 0.224). Durvalumab effect was seen only in the window cohort (pCR 61.0% versus 41.4%, OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.06-4.64, P = 0.035; interaction P = 0.048). In both arms, significantly increased pCR (P < 0.01) were observed with higher sTILs. There was a trend for increased pCR rates in PD-L1-positive tumours, which was significant for PD-L1-tumour cell in durvalumab (P = 0.045) and for PD-L1-immune cell in placebo arm (P = 0.040). The most common immune-related adverse events were thyroid dysfunction any grade in 47%. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the addition of durvalumab to anthracycline-/taxane-based NACT increases pCR rate particularly in patients treated with durvalumab alone before start of chemotherapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT02685059.
BACKGROUND: Combining immune-checkpoint inhibitors with chemotherapy yielded an increased response rates in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Therefore, we evaluated the addition of durvalumab to standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in primary TNBC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: GeparNuevo is a randomised phase II double-blind placebo-controlled study randomising patients with TNBC to durvalumab or placebo given every 4 weeks in addition to nab-paclitaxel followed by standard EC. In the window-phase durvalumab/placebo alone was given 2 weeks before start of nab-paclitaxel. Randomisation was stratified by stromal tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte (sTILs). Patients with primary cT1b-cT4a-d disease, centrally confirmed TNBC and sTILs were included. Primary objective was pathological complete response (pCR) (ypT0 ypN0). RESULTS: A total of 174 patients were randomised, 117 participated in the window-phase. Median age was 49.5 years (range 23-76); 47 patients (27%) were younger than 40 years; 113 (65%) had stage ≥IIA disease, 25 (14%) high sTILs, 138 of 158 (87%) were PD-L1-positive. pCR rate with durvalumab was 53.4% (95% CI 42.5% to 61.4%) versus placebo 44.2% (95% CI 33.5% to 55.3%; unadjusted continuity corrected χ2P = 0.287), corresponding to OR = 1.45 (95% CI 0.80-2.63, unadjusted Wald P = 0.224). Durvalumab effect was seen only in the window cohort (pCR 61.0% versus 41.4%, OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.06-4.64, P = 0.035; interaction P = 0.048). In both arms, significantly increased pCR (P < 0.01) were observed with higher sTILs. There was a trend for increased pCR rates in PD-L1-positive tumours, which was significant for PD-L1-tumour cell in durvalumab (P = 0.045) and for PD-L1-immune cell in placebo arm (P = 0.040). The most common immune-related adverse events were thyroid dysfunction any grade in 47%. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the addition of durvalumab to anthracycline-/taxane-based NACT increases pCR rate particularly in patients treated with durvalumab alone before start of chemotherapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT02685059.
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