Georgia Papadogeorgou1, Marianthi-Anna Kioumourtzoglou2, Danielle Braun3, Antonella Zanobetti4. 1. Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. 2. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA. 3. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. 4. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, Landmark Center, Suite 404M, P.O. Box 15698, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. azanobet@hsph.harvard.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Fine particle (PM2.5) levels have been decreasing in the USA over the past decades. Our goal was to assess the current literature to characterize the association between PM2.5 and adverse health at low exposure levels. RECENT FINDINGS: We reviewed 26 papers that examined the association between short- and long-term exposure to PM2.5 and cardio-respiratory morbidity and mortality. There is evidence suggesting that these associations are stronger at lower levels. However, there are certain methodological and interpretational limitations specific to studies of low PM2.5 levels, and further methodological development is warranted. There is strong agreement across studies that air pollution effects on adverse health are still observable at low concentrations, even well below current US standards. These findings suggest that US standards need to be reevaluated, given that further improving air quality has the potential of benefiting public health.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Fine particle (PM2.5) levels have been decreasing in the USA over the past decades. Our goal was to assess the current literature to characterize the association between PM2.5 and adverse health at low exposure levels. RECENT FINDINGS: We reviewed 26 papers that examined the association between short- and long-term exposure to PM2.5 and cardio-respiratory morbidity and mortality. There is evidence suggesting that these associations are stronger at lower levels. However, there are certain methodological and interpretational limitations specific to studies of low PM2.5 levels, and further methodological development is warranted. There is strong agreement across studies that air pollution effects on adverse health are still observable at low concentrations, even well below current US standards. These findings suggest that US standards need to be reevaluated, given that further improving air quality has the potential of benefiting public health.
Entities:
Keywords:
Air pollution; Concentration-response; Fine particles, PM2.5; Hospital admissions; Low levels; Mortality
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