Petros Mourouzis1, Eirini Andreasidou2, Victoria Samanidou3, Kosmas Tolidis4. 1. Researcher, Department of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics, Division of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address: p.mourouzis@gmail.com. 2. Graduate student, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. 3. Professor, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. 4. Professor, Department of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics, Division of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Monomer leaching from restorations may affect the oral mucosa and general health; however, information on monomer leaching from chairside computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorative materials is lacking. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the leaching of monomers from newly introduced resin-modified ceramics and composite resin CAD-CAM blocks that were immersed in water and ethanol for short-term and long-term incubation periods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ten square-shaped specimens of 5 newly introduced CAD-CAM blocks were suspended by means of a silk thread in distilled water and in 75% ethanol. After 1 day, 7 days, 30 days, and 60 days, the eluates bisphenol A (BPA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA), bisphenol A-glycidyl dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA), and bisphenol A ethoxylate dimethacrylate (Bis-EMA) were analyzed by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Additional specimens of each material, before and after immersion in the solutions, were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, and elemental analysis was performed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. RESULTS: TEGDMA and UDMA were the main monomers eluted from all the materials tested. A pattern of declining release was detected for all the monomers. Bisphenol-A was not released by any of the investigated ceramic-composite or composite resin blocks either in water or ethanol. CONCLUSIONS: CAD-CAM blocks release less monomer when they are immersed in aqueous solutions in the short-term and long-term periods than conventional resin composite materials. The amount of monomer release declined until no monomer could be detected.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Monomer leaching from restorations may affect the oral mucosa and general health; however, information on monomer leaching from chairside computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorative materials is lacking. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the leaching of monomers from newly introduced resin-modified ceramics and composite resin CAD-CAM blocks that were immersed in water and ethanol for short-term and long-term incubation periods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ten square-shaped specimens of 5 newly introduced CAD-CAM blocks were suspended by means of a silk thread in distilled water and in 75% ethanol. After 1 day, 7 days, 30 days, and 60 days, the eluates bisphenol A (BPA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA), bisphenol A-glycidyl dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA), and bisphenol A ethoxylate dimethacrylate (Bis-EMA) were analyzed by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Additional specimens of each material, before and after immersion in the solutions, were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, and elemental analysis was performed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. RESULTS: TEGDMA and UDMA were the main monomers eluted from all the materials tested. A pattern of declining release was detected for all the monomers. Bisphenol-A was not released by any of the investigated ceramic-composite or composite resin blocks either in water or ethanol. CONCLUSIONS: CAD-CAM blocks release less monomer when they are immersed in aqueous solutions in the short-term and long-term periods than conventional resin composite materials. The amount of monomer release declined until no monomer could be detected.