The basolateral amygdala regulation of complex cognitive behaviours in the five-choice serial reaction time task.

RATIONALE: The basolateral amygdala (BLA) plays important roles in the cognitive control in human and non-human animals. However, inconsistent findings between species have been observed and there have been relatively few detailed investigations of the cognitive properties of BLA, especially in mice.
OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to determine the role of BLA in cognition by using optogenetic manipulations.
METHODS: Male C57BL/six mice were trained and tested on the five-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT), open-field test (OFT), elevated plus maze (EPM), Y-maze, and novel object recognition (NOR) test during optogenetic stimulation and inhibition of the BLA.
RESULTS: Optogenetic activation of the BLA decreased the impulsivity and increased the compulsivity of mice, whereas optogenetic inhibition of BLA had the opposite effect. Similarly, anxiety-like behaviours and spatial working memory were increased in BLA activation mice, whereas BLA inhibition decreased these behaviours. However, both BLA activation and inhibition decreased the motivation of the mice.
CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that the BLA regulates impulsive action and spatial working memory, and plays a critical role in anxiety-like behaviours.