Tom Marrs1,2, Kirsty Logan1, Joanna Craven1, Suzana Radulovic1, W H A Irwin McLean3, Gideon Lack1,2, Carsten Flohr4, Michael R Perkin5. 1. Paediatric Allergy Department, Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK. 2. Children's Allergies Department, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK. 3. Division of Molecular Medicine, Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK. 4. Unit for Population-Based Dermatology Research, St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London and Guy's & St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. 5. Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The prevention of food allergy is a key priority for reducing the burden of allergic disease. Environmental exposures modulate the risk of developing food allergy and some of this may be mediated by the infants' developing microbiome. However, the role of potentially protective environmental exposures, such as pet ownership, is largely uninvestigated with respect to food allergy. METHODS: We performed a secondary cohort analysis in the Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) study, which enrolled 1303 three-month infants onto a randomized trial to prevent food allergy. A survey elicited domestic animal ownership and participants were examined for atopic dermatitis (AD) at enrolment. Sensitization to foods and aeroallergens were elicited by skin and serum testing at 3, 12 and 36 months. Food allergy status was determined by double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges between 1 and 3 years. RESULTS:Food allergy was diagnosed amongst 6.1% (68/1124) of participants with complete data. No significant relationships were demonstrated between food allergy and caesarean delivery, infections or antibiotic exposure in early life. After adjusting for familial atopic disease, maternal dog/cat sensitization and participant AD, living with dogs was associated with a 90% reduction in the odds of infants developing food allergy (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.10 (confidence interval (CI) 0.01-0.71), P = 0.02). None of the 49 infants living with at least two dogs developed food allergy, suggesting a dose-response relationship (each dog owned aOR 0.12 (CI 0.02-0.81), P = 0.03). No relationship was demonstrated between owning dogs or cats and the development of AD. CONCLUSION: Dog ownership in infancy may prevent food allergy.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: The prevention of food allergy is a key priority for reducing the burden of allergic disease. Environmental exposures modulate the risk of developing food allergy and some of this may be mediated by the infants' developing microbiome. However, the role of potentially protective environmental exposures, such as pet ownership, is largely uninvestigated with respect to food allergy. METHODS: We performed a secondary cohort analysis in the Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) study, which enrolled 1303 three-month infants onto a randomized trial to prevent food allergy. A survey elicited domestic animal ownership and participants were examined for atopic dermatitis (AD) at enrolment. Sensitization to foods and aeroallergens were elicited by skin and serum testing at 3, 12 and 36 months. Food allergy status was determined by double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges between 1 and 3 years. RESULTS:Food allergy was diagnosed amongst 6.1% (68/1124) of participants with complete data. No significant relationships were demonstrated between food allergy and caesarean delivery, infections or antibiotic exposure in early life. After adjusting for familial atopic disease, maternal dog/cat sensitization and participantAD, living with dogs was associated with a 90% reduction in the odds of infants developing food allergy (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.10 (confidence interval (CI) 0.01-0.71), P = 0.02). None of the 49 infants living with at least two dogs developed food allergy, suggesting a dose-response relationship (each dog owned aOR 0.12 (CI 0.02-0.81), P = 0.03). No relationship was demonstrated between owning dogs or cats and the development of AD. CONCLUSION:Dog ownership in infancy may prevent food allergy.
Authors: Diana A Morillo-Argudo; Dolores S Andrade Tenesaca; Claudia R Rodas-Espinoza; Michael R Perkin; Tesfalem Lukas Gebreegziabher; Gabriela A Zuñiga; Diana D Andrade Muñoz; Patricia L Ramírez; Ana A García García; Angélica M Ochoa-Avilés Journal: World Allergy Organ J Date: 2020-11-13 Impact factor: 4.084