Christine L Godwin1,2, David A Wohl3, William A Fischer Nd4, Kavita Singh1, Darrell A Hawks5, Elizabeth E Devore6, Jerry Brown7. 1. Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 2. FHI 360, Durham, NC, USA. 3. Division of Infectious Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 4. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 5. Institute for Global Health & Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 6. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 7. Eternal Love Winning Africa Hospital, Monrovia, Liberia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence of failed pregnancy and menstrual irregularities among Liberian women who had survived Ebola virus disease (EVD) and to identify host-specific and disease-specific factors associated with these outcomes. METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted between August 10, 2016, and February 7, 2017. The study population comprised 111 women aged 18-45 years who had survived EVD and were enrolled in the Longitudinal Liberian Ebola Survivor study based at the Eternal Love Winning Africa Hospital, Monrovia, Liberia. Self-reported data on outcomes related to pregnancy and menstrual changes since recovery from EVD were collected. RESULTS: In all, 29 (26.1%) of the participants had become pregnant since surviving EVD. Of the 23 women whose pregnancies continued to term, 10 (43.4%) reported live birth, 11 (47.8%) reported spontaneous abortion, and two (8.7%) reported stillbirth. Of the 105 women who reported having regular menstruation before EVD, 27 (29.0%) reported experiencing irregular menstruation for unknown reasons after EVD. In bivariate logistic models, no associations were found between failed pregnancy or irregular menstruation and any of the factors of interest. CONCLUSIONS: Adverse pregnancy outcomes and irregular menstruation were frequently reported among EVD survivors in Liberia.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence of failed pregnancy and menstrual irregularities among Liberian women who had survived Ebola virus disease (EVD) and to identify host-specific and disease-specific factors associated with these outcomes. METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted between August 10, 2016, and February 7, 2017. The study population comprised 111 women aged 18-45 years who had survived EVD and were enrolled in the Longitudinal Liberian Ebola Survivor study based at the Eternal Love Winning Africa Hospital, Monrovia, Liberia. Self-reported data on outcomes related to pregnancy and menstrual changes since recovery from EVD were collected. RESULTS: In all, 29 (26.1%) of the participants had become pregnant since surviving EVD. Of the 23 women whose pregnancies continued to term, 10 (43.4%) reported live birth, 11 (47.8%) reported spontaneous abortion, and two (8.7%) reported stillbirth. Of the 105 women who reported having regular menstruation before EVD, 27 (29.0%) reported experiencing irregular menstruation for unknown reasons after EVD. In bivariate logistic models, no associations were found between failed pregnancy or irregular menstruation and any of the factors of interest. CONCLUSIONS: Adverse pregnancy outcomes and irregular menstruation were frequently reported among EVD survivors in Liberia.
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