Morten Rix Hansen1,2,3, Asbjørn Hróbjartsson4,5,6, Anton Pottegård7, Per Damkier8,5, Kasper Søltoft Larsen7, Kenneth Grønkjær Madsen7, René dePont Christensen9, Malene Elisa Lopez Kristensen7, Palle Mark Christensen7, Jesper Hallas7,8. 1. Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløwsvej 19, 2, 5000, Odense, Denmark. mrix@health.sdu.dk. 2. Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. mrix@health.sdu.dk. 3. Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. mrix@health.sdu.dk. 4. Center for Evidence-Based Medicine Odense, University of Southern Denmark, Sønderborg, Denmark. 5. Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Sønderborg, Denmark. 6. Odense Explorative Patient data Network (OPEN), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. 7. Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløwsvej 19, 2, 5000, Odense, Denmark. 8. Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. 9. Research Unit for General Practice, Odense, Denmark.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The average postponement of the outcome (gain in time to event) has been proposed as a measure to convey the effect of preventive medications. Among its advantages over number needed to treat and relative risk reduction is a better intuitive understanding among lay persons. OBJECTIVES: To develop a novel approach for modeling outcome postponement achieved within a trial's duration, based on published trial data and to present a formalized meta-analysis of modeled outcome postponement for all-cause mortality in statin trials. METHODS: The outcome postponement was modeled on the basis of the hazard ratio or relative risk, the mortality rate in the placebo group and the trial's duration. Outcome postponement was subjected to a meta-analysis. We also estimated the average outcome postponement as the area between Kaplan-Meier curves. Statin trials were identified through a systematic review. RESULTS: The median modeled outcome postponement was 10.0 days (interquartile range, 2.9-19.5 days). Meta-analysis of 16 trials provided a summary estimate of outcome postponement for all-cause mortality of 12.6 days, with a 95% postponement interval (PI) of 7.1-18.0. For primary, secondary, and mixed prevention trials, respectively, outcome postponements were 10.2 days (PI, 4.0-16.3), 17.4 days (PI, 6.0-28.8), and 8.5 days (PI, 1.9-15.0). CONCLUSIONS: The modeled outcome postponement is amenable to meta-analysis and may be a useful approach for presenting the benefits of preventive interventions. Statin treatment results in a small increase of average survival within the duration of a trial. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO [CRD42016037507] .
BACKGROUND: The average postponement of the outcome (gain in time to event) has been proposed as a measure to convey the effect of preventive medications. Among its advantages over number needed to treat and relative risk reduction is a better intuitive understanding among lay persons. OBJECTIVES: To develop a novel approach for modeling outcome postponement achieved within a trial's duration, based on published trial data and to present a formalized meta-analysis of modeled outcome postponement for all-cause mortality in statin trials. METHODS: The outcome postponement was modeled on the basis of the hazard ratio or relative risk, the mortality rate in the placebo group and the trial's duration. Outcome postponement was subjected to a meta-analysis. We also estimated the average outcome postponement as the area between Kaplan-Meier curves. Statin trials were identified through a systematic review. RESULTS: The median modeled outcome postponement was 10.0 days (interquartile range, 2.9-19.5 days). Meta-analysis of 16 trials provided a summary estimate of outcome postponement for all-cause mortality of 12.6 days, with a 95% postponement interval (PI) of 7.1-18.0. For primary, secondary, and mixed prevention trials, respectively, outcome postponements were 10.2 days (PI, 4.0-16.3), 17.4 days (PI, 6.0-28.8), and 8.5 days (PI, 1.9-15.0). CONCLUSIONS: The modeled outcome postponement is amenable to meta-analysis and may be a useful approach for presenting the benefits of preventive interventions. Statin treatment results in a small increase of average survival within the duration of a trial. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO [CRD42016037507] .
Authors: Henrik Støvring; Charlotte G Harmsen; Torbjørn Wisløff; Dorte E Jarbøl; Jørgen Nexøe; Jesper B Nielsen; Ivar S Kristiansen Journal: Eur J Prev Cardiol Date: 2012-04-12 Impact factor: 7.804
Authors: Christoph Wanner; Vera Krane; Winfried März; Manfred Olschewski; Johannes F E Mann; Günther Ruf; Eberhard Ritz Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2005-07-21 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Paul M Ridker; Eleanor Danielson; Francisco A H Fonseca; Jacques Genest; Antonio M Gotto; John J P Kastelein; Wolfgang Koenig; Peter Libby; Alberto J Lorenzatti; Jean G MacFadyen; Børge G Nordestgaard; James Shepherd; James T Willerson; Robert J Glynn Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2008-11-09 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Bengt C Fellström; Alan G Jardine; Roland E Schmieder; Hallvard Holdaas; Kym Bannister; Jaap Beutler; Dong-Wan Chae; Alejandro Chevaile; Stuart M Cobbe; Carola Grönhagen-Riska; José J De Lima; Robert Lins; Gert Mayer; Alan W McMahon; Hans-Henrik Parving; Giuseppe Remuzzi; Ola Samuelsson; Sandor Sonkodi; D Sci; Gultekin Süleymanlar; Dimitrios Tsakiris; Vladimir Tesar; Vasil Todorov; Andrzej Wiecek; Rudolf P Wüthrich; Mattis Gottlow; Eva Johnsson; Faiez Zannad Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2009-03-30 Impact factor: 91.245