Anu Aronen1, Janne Aittoniemi2, Reetta Huttunen3, Anssi Nikkola4, Jussi Nikkola1, Olli Limnell5, Isto Nordback1, Juhani Sand1, Johanna Laukkarinen6. 1. Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Teiskontie 35, 33521, Finland. 2. Fimlab Laboratories, Arvo Ylpön katu 4, 33520 Tampere, Finland. 3. Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Teiskontie 35, 33521 Tampere, Finland. 4. Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Teiskontie 35, 33521, Finland; University of Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland. 5. University of Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland. 6. Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Teiskontie 35, 33521, Finland; University of Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland. Electronic address: johanna.laukkarinen@fimnet.fi.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a biomarker associated with inflammatory and certain malignancies. Earlier we have shown that plasma suPAR (P-suPAR) predicts severity of acute alcohol-induced pancreatitis (AAP) on admission. Our aim was to investigate whether P-suPAR levels predict AAP recurrences or mortality during long-term follow-up after first AAP. METHODS: Eighty-three patients (median age 47.5, range 25-71 years) suffering their first AAP during 2001-2005 were recruited and followed prospectively for 9 years with a median follow-up time of 7.0 (range 0.3-9.8) years. P-suPAR was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from the samples taken at follow-up visits. Survival was registered in November 2014. RESULTS: P-suPAR level on admission or after recovery of the first AAP did not predict the recurrence of AAP. However, higher P-suPAR measured after recovery of first AAP (3.6 vs. 2.9 ng/mL) predicted mortality during follow-up period (hazard ratio 1.48, p = .008). Cut-off value for P-suPAR indicating a higher risk for 10-year mortality resulted a value of ≥3.4 ng/mL. When adjusted for other covariates, P-suPAR above cut-off level retained its statistical significance as an independent factor. CONCLUSIONS: P-suPAR level on admission or after recovery of the first AAP does not predict the recurrence of AAP during long-term follow-up. However, P-suPAR ≥3.4 mg/mL measured after recovery from first AAP is associated with an increased risk of 10-year mortality as an independent factor. This can be used to detect patients with highest risk after AAP, in order to focus the preventive healthcare actions.
BACKGROUND: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a biomarker associated with inflammatory and certain malignancies. Earlier we have shown that plasma suPAR (P-suPAR) predicts severity of acute alcohol-induced pancreatitis (AAP) on admission. Our aim was to investigate whether P-suPAR levels predict AAP recurrences or mortality during long-term follow-up after first AAP. METHODS: Eighty-three patients (median age 47.5, range 25-71 years) suffering their first AAP during 2001-2005 were recruited and followed prospectively for 9 years with a median follow-up time of 7.0 (range 0.3-9.8) years. P-suPAR was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from the samples taken at follow-up visits. Survival was registered in November 2014. RESULTS:P-suPAR level on admission or after recovery of the first AAP did not predict the recurrence of AAP. However, higher P-suPAR measured after recovery of first AAP (3.6 vs. 2.9 ng/mL) predicted mortality during follow-up period (hazard ratio 1.48, p = .008). Cut-off value for P-suPAR indicating a higher risk for 10-year mortality resulted a value of ≥3.4 ng/mL. When adjusted for other covariates, P-suPAR above cut-off level retained its statistical significance as an independent factor. CONCLUSIONS:P-suPAR level on admission or after recovery of the first AAP does not predict the recurrence of AAP during long-term follow-up. However, P-suPAR ≥3.4 mg/mL measured after recovery from first AAP is associated with an increased risk of 10-year mortality as an independent factor. This can be used to detect patients with highest risk after AAP, in order to focus the preventive healthcare actions.