Jon Edqvist1,2, Araz Rawshani1, Martin Adiels3, Lena Björck1,2, Marcus Lind1,4, Ann-Marie Svensson5, Sofia Gudbjörnsdottir5, Naveed Sattar6, Annika Rosengren7,2. 1. Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. 2. Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Gothenburg, Sweden. 3. Health Metrics Unit, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden. 4. NU-Hospital Organisation, Uddevalla, Sweden. 5. Swedish National Diabetes Register, Centre of Registers, Gothenburg, Sweden. 6. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K. 7. Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden annika.rosengren@gu.se.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Low weight has been associated with increased mortality risks in type 1 diabetes. We aimed to investigate the importance of weight and weight gain/loss in the Swedish population diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Patients with type 1 diabetes (n = 26,125; mean age 33.3 years; 45% women) registered in the Swedish National Diabetes Registry from 1998 to 2012 were followed from the first day of study entry. Cox regression was used to calculate risk of death from cardiovascular disease (CVD), major CVD events, hospitalizations for heart failure (HF), and total deaths. RESULTS: Population mean BMI in patients with type 1 diabetes increased from 24.7 to 25.7 kg/m2 from 1998 to 2012. Over a median follow-up of 10.9 years, there were 1,031 deaths (33.2% from CVD), 1,460 major CVD events, and 580 hospitalizations for HF. After exclusion of smokers, patients with poor metabolic control, and patients with a short follow-up time, there was no increased risk for mortality in those with BMI <25 kg/m2, while BMI >25 kg/m2 was associated with a minor increase in risk of mortality, major CVD, and HF. In women, associations with BMI were largely absent. Weight gain implied an increased risk of mortality and HF, while weight loss was not associated with higher risk. CONCLUSIONS: Risk of major CVD, HF, CVD death, and mortality increased with increasing BMI, with associations more apparent in men than in women. After exclusion of factors associated with reverse causality, there was no evidence of an obesity paradox.
OBJECTIVE: Low weight has been associated with increased mortality risks in type 1 diabetes. We aimed to investigate the importance of weight and weight gain/loss in the Swedish population diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Patients with type 1 diabetes (n = 26,125; mean age 33.3 years; 45% women) registered in the Swedish National Diabetes Registry from 1998 to 2012 were followed from the first day of study entry. Cox regression was used to calculate risk of death from cardiovascular disease (CVD), major CVD events, hospitalizations for heart failure (HF), and total deaths. RESULTS: Population mean BMI in patients with type 1 diabetes increased from 24.7 to 25.7 kg/m2 from 1998 to 2012. Over a median follow-up of 10.9 years, there were 1,031 deaths (33.2% from CVD), 1,460 major CVD events, and 580 hospitalizations for HF. After exclusion of smokers, patients with poor metabolic control, and patients with a short follow-up time, there was no increased risk for mortality in those with BMI <25 kg/m2, while BMI >25 kg/m2 was associated with a minor increase in risk of mortality, major CVD, and HF. In women, associations with BMI were largely absent. Weight gain implied an increased risk of mortality and HF, while weight loss was not associated with higher risk. CONCLUSIONS: Risk of major CVD, HF, CVD death, and mortality increased with increasing BMI, with associations more apparent in men than in women. After exclusion of factors associated with reverse causality, there was no evidence of an obesity paradox.
Authors: Amelia S Wallace; Alex R Chang; Jung-Im Shin; Jodie Reider; Justin B Echouffo-Tcheugui; Morgan E Grams; Elizabeth Selvin Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2022-04-19 Impact factor: 6.134
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