Addison Davis1, Richard Liu1, Jessica A Kerr1, Melissa Wake2, Anneke Grobler1, Markus Juonala3, Mengjiao Liu1, Louise Baur4, David Burgner5, Kate Lycett6. 1. The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. 2. The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Liggins Institute and Depart of Paediatrics, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. 3. Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. 4. The Children's Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia; (h)The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia. 5. The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. 6. The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; (j)Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: kate.lycett@mcri.edu.au.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pro-inflammatory diet may be a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We examine associations of two inflammatory diet scores with preclinical cardiovascular phenotypes at two life course stages. METHODS: Participants: 1771 children (49% girls) aged 11-12 years and 1793 parents (87% mothers, mean age 43.7 (standard deviation 5.2) years) in the Child Health CheckPoint Study. MEASURES: 23 items in the Australian National Secondary Students' Diet and Activity (NaSSDA) survey were used to derive two inflammatory diet scores based on: 1) published evidence of associations with C-reactive protein (literature-derived score), and 2) empirical associations with CheckPoint's inflammatory biomarker (glycoprotein acetyls, GlycA-derived score). Cardiovascular phenotypes assessed vascular structure (carotid intima-media thickness, retinal vessel calibre) and function (pulse wave velocity, blood pressure). ANALYSES: Linear regression models were conducted, adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic position and child pubertal status, plus a sensitivity analysis also including BMI (z-score for children). RESULTS: In adults, both inflammatory diet scores showed small associations with adverse cardiovascular function and microvascular structure. Per standard deviation higher GlycA-derived diet score, pulse wave velocity was 0.17 m/s faster (95% CI 0.11 to 0.22), mean arterial pressure was 1.85 mmHg (1.34-2.37) higher, and retinal arteriolar calibre was 1.29 μm narrower (-2.10 to -0.49). Adding BMI to models attenuated associations towards null. There was little evidence of associations in children. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support cumulative adverse effects of a pro-inflammatory diet on preclinical cardiovascular phenotypes across the life course. Associations evident by mid-life were not present in childhood, when preventive measures should be instituted.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pro-inflammatory diet may be a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We examine associations of two inflammatory diet scores with preclinical cardiovascular phenotypes at two life course stages. METHODS:Participants: 1771 children (49% girls) aged 11-12 years and 1793 parents (87% mothers, mean age 43.7 (standard deviation 5.2) years) in the Child Health CheckPoint Study. MEASURES: 23 items in the Australian National Secondary Students' Diet and Activity (NaSSDA) survey were used to derive two inflammatory diet scores based on: 1) published evidence of associations with C-reactive protein (literature-derived score), and 2) empirical associations with CheckPoint's inflammatory biomarker (glycoprotein acetyls, GlycA-derived score). Cardiovascular phenotypes assessed vascular structure (carotid intima-media thickness, retinal vessel calibre) and function (pulse wave velocity, blood pressure). ANALYSES: Linear regression models were conducted, adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic position and child pubertal status, plus a sensitivity analysis also including BMI (z-score for children). RESULTS: In adults, both inflammatory diet scores showed small associations with adverse cardiovascular function and microvascular structure. Per standard deviation higher GlycA-derived diet score, pulse wave velocity was 0.17 m/s faster (95% CI 0.11 to 0.22), mean arterial pressure was 1.85 mmHg (1.34-2.37) higher, and retinal arteriolar calibre was 1.29 μm narrower (-2.10 to -0.49). Adding BMI to models attenuated associations towards null. There was little evidence of associations in children. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support cumulative adverse effects of a pro-inflammatory diet on preclinical cardiovascular phenotypes across the life course. Associations evident by mid-life were not present in childhood, when preventive measures should be instituted.
Authors: María Del Pilar Montero López; Ana Isabel Mora Urda; Francisco Javier Martín Almena; Oscar Geovanny Enríquez-Martínez Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-07-26 Impact factor: 4.614