Hashir Aazh1, David M Baguley2,3, Brian C J Moore4. 1. Audiology Department, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK. 2. NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK. 3. Otology and Hearing, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. 4. Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: People with tinnitus and/or hyperacusis often experience insomnia. However, it is unclear what factors are most strongly associated with insomnia. PURPOSE: To explore factors related to insomnia in patients with tinnitus and/or hyperacusis. RESEARCH DESIGN: This was a retrospective study using multiple-regression analysis. STUDY SAMPLE: Data were assessed for 444 consecutive patients who sought help concerning their tinnitus and/or hyperacusis from a specialist audiology center in the UK National Health Service. The average age of the patients was 54 years (standard deviation = 15 years). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The results of audiological tests and self-report questionnaires were gathered retrospectively from the records of the patients. Multiple-regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between insomnia and other variables. RESULTS: Sixty-nine percent of patients with tinnitus experienced some form of insomnia as measured via the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). A multiple-regression model showed that ISI scores were significantly associated with depression scores measured via the depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (regression coefficient [b] = 0.44, p < 0.001), tinnitus annoyance measured via the visual analog scale (VAS) (b = 0.49, p = 0.001), anxiety measured via the anxiety subscale of the HADS (b = 0.21, p = 0.012), and tinnitus handicap measured via the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (b = 0.07, p < 0.001). The model explained 45% of the variance in ISI scores. VAS scores for tinnitus loudness, hyperacusis-related measures, hearing thresholds, age, and gender were not significantly related to insomnia. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of insomnia in patients with tinnitus is high. Both tinnitus-related factors and psychological factors are related to the severity of insomnia. Hyperacusis is not significantly associated with insomnia. American Academy of Audiology.
BACKGROUND:People with tinnitus and/or hyperacusis often experience insomnia. However, it is unclear what factors are most strongly associated with insomnia. PURPOSE: To explore factors related to insomnia in patients with tinnitus and/or hyperacusis. RESEARCH DESIGN: This was a retrospective study using multiple-regression analysis. STUDY SAMPLE: Data were assessed for 444 consecutive patients who sought help concerning their tinnitus and/or hyperacusis from a specialist audiology center in the UK National Health Service. The average age of the patients was 54 years (standard deviation = 15 years). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The results of audiological tests and self-report questionnaires were gathered retrospectively from the records of the patients. Multiple-regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between insomnia and other variables. RESULTS: Sixty-nine percent of patients with tinnitus experienced some form of insomnia as measured via the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). A multiple-regression model showed that ISI scores were significantly associated with depression scores measured via the depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (regression coefficient [b] = 0.44, p < 0.001), tinnitus annoyance measured via the visual analog scale (VAS) (b = 0.49, p = 0.001), anxiety measured via the anxiety subscale of the HADS (b = 0.21, p = 0.012), and tinnitus handicap measured via the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (b = 0.07, p < 0.001). The model explained 45% of the variance in ISI scores. VAS scores for tinnitus loudness, hyperacusis-related measures, hearing thresholds, age, and gender were not significantly related to insomnia. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of insomnia in patients with tinnitus is high. Both tinnitus-related factors and psychological factors are related to the severity of insomnia. Hyperacusis is not significantly associated with insomnia. American Academy of Audiology.
Authors: Alessandra Fioretti; Eleonora Natalini; David Riedl; Roland Moschen; Alberto Eibenstein Journal: Front Neurosci Date: 2020-07-07 Impact factor: 4.677