Uptake of horseradish peroxidase from perilymph by cochlear hair cells.

The specific mechanisms involved in the uptake of an exogenous protein, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), by cochlear hair cells were studied morphologically in light and electron microscopy. HRP was internalized by coated vesicles which formed from the plasma membrane only in the basal portion of the hair cells. Inner hair cells demonstrated relatively greater uptake than adjacent outer hair cells. The lateral plasma membrane of outer hair cells was unique in that reaction product was never bound to this portion of the membrane. Subsequent to endocytosis, HRP was transported to the Golgi and its associated system of endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes. The exogenous protein was sequestered in a striking accumulation of secondary lysosomes and multivesicular bodies which were restricted to the infracuticular region of the hair cells and persisted for periods of at least 72 h after introduction of HRP. It is not clear whether the hair cells were slowly degrading the HRP or if the lysosomal enzymes necessary for its breakdown were lacking. The pathway demonstrated by HRP uptake and intracellular transport may represent one route by which macromolecules requisite for basic metabolic or nutritional requirements of the hair cells are supplied from the perilymph.