Literature DB >> 31031864

Genetic Association between Interleukin-4 Receptor Polymorphisms and Cancer Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis Based on 53 Case-Control Studies.

Yong Qi1, Taofei Zeng2, Song Fan2, Li Zhang2, Chaozhao Liang2.   

Abstract

Polymorphisms in interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R) gene have been reported susceptible to a variety of cancer types, nevertheless, data from these publications remained inconsistent and controversial. We further performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to present a precise estimation of its relationship. Extensive retrieve was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science up to May 25, 2018. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were conducted to evaluate the overall strength of the associations in five genetic models, as well as in subgroup analyses, stratified by ethnicity, cancer type or source of control. Q-test, Egger's test and Begg's funnel plot were applied to evaluate the heterogeneity and publication bias. In-silico analysis was managed to demonstrate the relationship of IL-4R expression correlated with cancer tissues. Finally, 31 publications including 53 case-control studies were enrolled, with 24,452 cases and 24,971 controls. After a comprehensive analysis, no significant evidence was revealed for the association between four IL-4R polymorphisms (rs1801275, rs1805010, rs1805015, rs2057768) and cancer susceptibility in the overall population, as well as the subgroup analysis stratified by ethnicity, cancer type, the genotyping method or the source of control. To sum up, no evidence was identified between IL-4R polymorphisms and overall cancer susceptibility. Further well-designed studies with large sample sizes will be continued on this issue of interest.

Entities:  

Keywords:  cancer susceptibility; cytokines; interleukin-4 receptor; meta-analysis; polymorphism

Year:  2019        PMID： 31031864      PMCID： PMC6485229          DOI： 10.7150/jca.28137

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  J Cancer        ISSN： 1837-9664            Impact factor:   4.207


Introduction

Cancer has been regarded as one of the most frequent causes of death in economically developing and developed countries. According to the 2018 updated global estimation, there are approximately 42 million people across the world suffered from any type of cancer. Including 8 million had breast cancer, 6.3 million had colon and rectum cancer, 5.7 million with prostate cancer and over 2.8 million suffered from respiratory cancer1. Another worldwide result conducted by GLOBOCAN represented that there are about 12.7 million new cancer cases and 7.6 million deaths had occurred in 2012, suggested that cancer has become a primary public health threat2. It is established that cancers were multifactorial diseases which commonly arose from these intricate interactions between genetic and environmental factors3. For the past few years, numerous epidemiologic studies have uncovered that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the cytokine family may contribute to the tumorigenesis of many cancers in several ways, such as, influencing the function of cytokines participated in immune reactions and inflammatory responses, affecting the binding of nuclear factors with targeted genes, and inhibiting apoptosis 4. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a member of the α-helical cytokine family, which is generated by activated CD4+T cells, basophils, and mast cells, regarding as the central differentiation factor managing Th2 development, removing extracellular pathogens, and inhibiting Th1 differentiation. In addition, IL-4 receptor (IL-4R) is a heterodimeric complex that can bind to the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-135, 6. Overexpression of IL-4R has been observed in colorectal carcinoma 6. In addition, polymorphisms in IL-4R were identified implicated in the tumorigenesis of a variety of cancer types, including pancreatic cancer, renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer and cervical cancer 7-10. For example, Schwartzbaum et al. reported an increased susceptibility of glioblastoma contributed by rs1801275 of IL-4R 11, however, Li et al. indicated that the mutant G allele plays a protective function in tumorigenesis 12. The inconsistent might cause by the differences of genotyping methods, source of control, and ethnic lines, as well as the small-scale sample size. Therefore, we conducted a comprehendsive meta-analysis to explore the association between IL-4R polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility.

Material and Methods

Literature search

All eligible publications up to May 25, 2018 were retrieved and extracted by investigators from the databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang databases, respectively. When discrepancies occurred in data interpretation, we will deal with them by discussing, review of the publications, and counseling other cancer research experts if necessary. The keywords applied for literature retrieve are as follows: (“IL-4R,” OR “Interleukin-4 receptor,” OR “IL4R,”) AND (“SNP,” OR “mutation,” OR “variant,” OR “polymorphism,”) AND (“cancer,” OR “carcinoma,” OR “tumor,” OR “malignancy,” OR “leukemia” OR “lymphoma”). In addition, we conducted a manual retrieve for the additional eligible studies from the studies cited in the reference lists.

Inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria

The publications enrolled in our studies should keep to the following inclusion criteria: 1) publications should illustrate the association between the polymorphisms in IL-4R and cancer susceptibility; 2) The detail genotype frequency of the cases and controls could be obtained directly or indirectly through calculating; 3) case-control studies. However, publications should be removed when they were: 1) no control studies, meta-analysis or systematic review, comments, and case report; 2) no efficient data of the genotype frequency offered; 3) repetitive publications; 4) the publications were conducted on animals or cell lines; 5) they were concerned about other disorders instead of cancers.

Data extraction

Two investigators extracted data from the enrolled case-control studies individually. The following details were collected from each study: the name of the first author, the date of publication, ethnicity, sample size, genotyping method, and genotype frequency of the cases and controls. By comparing enrolled forms between two investigators, the accuracy of the data was verified. If any difference was generated, we would check the full-text of the articles.

Statistical analysis

We applied ORs with corresponding 95% CIs to assess the strength of the relationship between the polymorphisms in IL-4R and overall cancer susceptibility. Five common genetic models applied for assessing gene-disease associations are allele contrast model (B vs. A), heterozygote model (BA vs. AA), homozygote model (BB vs. AA), recessive model (BB vs. BA+AA) and dominant model (BA+BB vs. AA) (AA, homozygotes for the wild allele; AB, heterozygotes; BB, homozygotes for the mutant allele). Bonferroni corrections were also performed to adjust the results, P = 0.05* number of calculated polymorphism * 5 models, and less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant13. In addition, we applied the chi-squared (χ2)-based Q test to calculate between-study heterogeneity14. P<0.1 was indicated a substantial level of heterogeneity, and a random effects model (the DerSimonian and Laird method) was selected to pool the data 15; or else, the fixed effects model (the Mantel-Haenszel method) was adopted. Stratified analyses were also calculated by ethnicity, cancer type, the genotyping method and the source of control. Moreover, we also conducted the Begg's funnel plots and Egger's test to evaluate the publication bias 16, 17. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) of controls was calculated by the χ2 test. We applied STATA 12.0 (Version 12.0, Stata Corp) to conduct all the statistical analyses, and all the P values were two-sided.

Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) Analysis and in-silico analysis of IL-4R expression

Data were extracted from the 1000 genomes project comprising the polymorphisms in genes of IL-4R in the current study. CHB (Han Chinese in Beijing, China), CHS (southern Han Chinese, China), CEU (Utah residents with Northern and Western European ancestry from the CEPH collection), JPT (Japanese in Tokyo, Japan) and YRI (Yoruba in Ibadan, Nigeria), ESN (Esan in Nigeria) were enrolled in the calculate project, analyses were performed with Haploview software, LD in each above-mentioned population was assessed by r2 statistics. In order to further explore the relationship between IL-4R expression and cancer, we used a newly developed interactive web server, GEPIA (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/), which provided the RNA sequencing expression data of tumors and normal samples from the TCGA and the GTEx projects18.

Results

Study characteristics

A total of 31 publications including 53 case-control studies satisfied the inclusion criteria, including 24452 cancer patients and 24971 controls focused on rs1801275, rs1805010, rs1805015 and rs2057768, while another 5 polymorphisms (rs1805011, rs1805012, rs1805013, rs1805016, rs3024536) were finally exceeded because of less than 3 studies. We provide a flowchart to show the details of the data selection process (Figure ). There were 26 case-control studies of the rs1801275 polymorphism5, 8, 9, 11, 12, 19-37, 15 of the rs1805010 polymorphism5, 9, 20, 23-26, 28, 32, 33, 37-40, 9 of the rs1805015 polymorphism9, 11, 12, 23, 24, 32, 33, 38, 41, and 3 of the rs2057768 polymorphism42-44. 19 studies were performed in Asians, 29 in Caucasians, 2 in the mixed group (more than two descendant), and 1 in African group. The characteristics of each case-control study, genotype frequencies and HWE examination results were presented in Table . Six case-control studies were not comforted to HWE11, 24, 26, 34, 35, 40, and we further conducted a sensitive analysis to validate the influence of the three studies on the integrated data. In order to evaluate the quality of each enrolled studies, we applied Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) 45, and filled the result in Table , the result of PRISMA2009 checklist was also listed to present our meta-analysis work (Table ).

Quantitative data synthesis

The summary of the meta-analysis between the IL-4R polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility was shown in Table . After complicated calculation, we revealed that there is no significant association between rs1801275, rs1805010, rs1805015, and rs2057768 polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility in the overall population (Figure . In the subgroup analyses stratified by ethnicity, cancer type, the genotyping method or the source of control, the homozygote model of cervical cancer in rs1801275 shown a decreased risk (BB vs. AA: OR (95% CI) = 0.581(0.364-0.925), P=0.022), while shown an increased risk in breast cancer (BB vs. AA: OR (95% CI) = 1.181(1.006-1.386), P=0.043), the recessive model of cervical cancer in rs1801275 also shown a decreased risk (BB vs. BA+AA: OR (95% CI) = 0.59(0.374-0.931), P=0.024). For rs1805010, several significant risk were shown in HB subgroup of heterozygote model (BA vs. AA: OR (95% CI) = 1.151(1.001-1.323), P=0.049), HB subgroup of dominant model (BA+BB vs. AA: OR (95% CI) = 1.167(1.022- 1.332), P=0.023), PCR subgroup of recessive model (BB vs. BA+ AA: OR (95% CI) = 0.767 (0.604- 0.974), P=0.03), gastric cancer subgroup of recessive model (BB vs. BA+AA: OR (95% CI) = 0.785 (0.617-0.998), P=0.048). For rs1805015, the significant risk was shown in Asian population subgroup of homozygote model (BB vs. AA: OR (95% CI) = 0.24(0.076- 0.752), P=0.014), Asian population subgroup of recessive model (BB vs. BA+AA: OR (95% CI) = 0.239(0.076-0.749), P=0.014). For rs2057768, the subgroup of PB and gastric cancer shown statistical difference in heterozygote model (BA vs. AA), recessive model (BB vs. BA+AA) or dominant model (BA+BB vs. AA). However, after Bonferroni corrections, all the P value is higher than 0.05. The results revealed that there is no significant association between IL-4R polymorphisms and cancer risks in stratification analyses.

Sensitivity analysis and publication bias

Sensitivity analysis was applied to assess the impaction of the individual studies on the integrated data by removing a single data from the pooled analysis every time for each polymorphism. We uncovered that there was no individual study influenced the result of pooled ORs (Figure ). Furthermore, Begg's funnel plot and Egger's test was conducted to evaluate the publication bias, and no significant evidence of distinct asymmetry was disclosed through the shapes of the funnel plots, as well as the value of P > |t| in Egger's test (Figure ).

LD Analyses across Populations and in-silico analysis of IL-4R expression

For better understanding the quantitative synthesis, LD analysis was performed to test the presence or absence of bins in the region containing these polymorphisms in IL-4R. LD plots for polymorphisms in IL-4R genes were presented in Figure Highlighted, there is significant LD between rs1805010 and rs1801275 in CEU and JPT populations (CEU: r2= 0.7; JPT: r2= 0.67). In-silico results indicated that the expression of IL-4R in colon adenocarcinoma was higher than that in normal colon tissue (Transcripts Per Kilo base Million (TPM) =41.6 vs. 60.0, P < 0.01), as well as in rectum adenocarcinoma (TPM=43.6 vs. 58.4, P < 0.01), kidney Chromophobe (TPM=6.47 vs. 21.8, P < 0.01), kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (TPM=43.7 vs. 18.2, P < 0.01), and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (TPM=62.4 vs. 4.99, P < 0.01). All the result is shown in Figure .

Discussion

At present, the identification of novel genetic and molecular predictors is desiderata, in order to successfully early diagnose or prevent the malignancies. Several biomarks are reported might be associated with tumorigenesis. IL4R, which encodes the alpha chain of the IL-4R, can bind IL-4 and IL-13 contributing to the regulation of IgE production46, one soluble form of the encoded protein can restrain IL-4 mediated cell proliferation. Enormous genetic studies have uncovered that several SNPs in IL-4R gene were identified to be significantly associated with many diseases, including cancers 47. These SNPs have the ability to regulate the efficacy of gene expressions, interfere with the synthesis of the protein, disrupt signaling pathways and result in the instabilities of the exonic mRNA 47, 48. The recent study has suggested that rs1801275 polymorphism in the IL-4R gene can predict 2.29-fold glioblastoma susceptibility by the over-dominant model34, a result consistent with a previous study that rs1801275 contributed to an increased susceptibility of glioblastoma (OR = 1.61, 95% CI, 1.05-2.47) in a population-based study11. However, Li et al. indicated that the mutant G allele plays a protective function in tumorigenesis (OR=0.71, 95%CI, 0.50-0.99) 12. Moreover, a significantly increased susceptibility of gastric cancer was identified in the IL-4R rs1805010 polymorphism in a Caucasian population26, which was not consistent with previous investigations that no association of SNPs in IL-4R gene and gastric cancer susceptibility were displayed in Taiwan [20]and Japanese39 populations. And in a separate research, Chu et al. 9 identified that IL-4R rs1805010 polymorphism was associated with a significantly decreased susceptibility of renal cell carcinoma. A large number of case-control studies have elaborated the association between these polymorphisms in IL-4R and the susceptibility of a variety of cancer types, data from these publications remained inconsistent and controversial. Meta-analysis is a validated method, by which we can enlarge the effective sample size via pooling the data from the separate related case-control studies. Besides, the statistical power for estimation of the genetic effects was also enhanced 49. There are several previous meta-analyses also concerned about IL-4R and tumorigenesis. Cho et al.50 demonstrated a reduced risk of GC for rs1801275, but they mixed the gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer, without any subgroup analysis of cancer type. Wang et al.51 performed a meta-analysis about IL-4R and cancer risk on rs1801275, rs1805010 and rs1805015, however, they only enrolled 36 studies, and didn't adjust the P value of Q-test, which might lead to statistical error. All in all, our recent updated meta-analysis draw a comprehensive, precise and convincible result, which is that rs1801275, rs1805010, rs1805015 and rs2057768 polymorphisms of IL-4R are not associated with tumorigenesis. The advantages of this research should not be buried. Firstly, a comprehensive search was conducted to identify more qualified studies, this analysis is persuasive and substantive. Secondly, the quality of each registered research was evaluated by NOS scale, low-quality studies were eliminated to raise the credibility of results. Thirdly, stratification analysis was performed by ethnicity, source of controls, tumor type or race, in order to decrease the impact of heterogeneity and obtain the real conclusion. Fourthly, Bonferroni corrections formula was used to adjust the results of polymorphism, ensuring avoid overstating results. Fifthly, sensitivity analysis was presented to confirm the stability of conclusion calculated from these studies, and Egger's test and Begg's funnel plot was carried out to detect publication bias. Nevertheless, there are still several limitations that should be mentioned. Firstly, we have enrolled some small size case-control studies that contained small-scale numbers of the cases and controls. Thus, an insufficient capacity that slight effects on cancer susceptibility occurred when a stratified analysis was conducted by the cancer type, ethnicity, source of control, genotyping method and etc. Secondly, the controls were not accordant defined, part of them was population-based and the others were hospital-based. Therefore, when the polymorphism was predicted to influence the susceptibility of other diseases, the controls may not invariably be represented in the potential source populations. Thirdly, the majority of the enrolled studies were Caucasian groups, and no African data were available. Fourth, since the lack of raw data, such as smoking and drinking status, we are unable to perform a further assessment for the potential gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. In conclusion, our work suggested that no significant association was identified between IL-4R polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility. Further well-designed studies with large sample sizes will be continued on this issue of interest. Supplementary figures and tables. Click here for additional data file.
Table 1

Details of enrolled studies for current meta-analysis and systematic review

SNPFirst authorYearEthnicityGenotyping MethodSource of ControlCancer Typecasecontrol
PAAPABPBBHAAHABHBBHWE
rs1801275Calhoun et al.192002CaucasianPCRPBCC7845460417Y
rs1801275Nakamura et al.52002AsianPCR-RFLPHBRC98405161422Y
rs1801275Wu et al.202003AsianPCRHBGC160573164615Y
rs1801275Schwartzbaum et al.112005CaucasianPCR-RFLPPBHL53451124323624N
rs1801275Balasubramanian et al.212006CaucasianTaq-ManPBBC4932493345128828N
rs1801275Brenner et al.222007CaucasianPCRHBGlioma4072142865133144Y
rs1801275Ivansson et al.232007CaucasianTaq-ManPBCC7664626616310023Y
rs1801275Landi et al.242007CaucasianTaq-ManHBCRC183871433218024Y
rs1801275Olson et al.82007CaucasianPCR-RFLPPBPC10438789415Y
rs1801275Wiemels et al.382007CaucasianPCR-RFLPPBGlioma2431261530314422Y
rs1801275Gu et al.252008CaucasianPCRPBMelanoma1206411121657Y
rs1801275Yang et al.272008MixedPCR-RFLPPBUBC4061932937422922Y
rs1801275Zambon et al.262008CaucasianTaq-ManHBGC177029151Y
rs1801275Lee et al.292010AsianPCR-SSPHBCRC13729484434Y
rs1801275Mohan et al.282009CaucasianPCR-RFLPPBRC379431173Y
rs1801275Scola et al.302010CaucasianPCR-RFLPHBPC32111579484Y
rs1801275Chu et al.322012AsianTaq-ManHBUBC5592272679331430Y
rs1801275Ruan et al.312011AsianPCRHBGlioma4621961446620525Y
rs1801275Chu et al.92012AsianTaq-ManHBRC4071951842417623Y
rs1801275Li et al.122012AsianPCRPBGlioma161622157885Y
rs1801275Ingram et al.332013MixedTaq-ManPBCRC8475247736419023Y
rs1801275Jin et al.342013AsianPCRPBGlioma561421871056N
rs1801275Quan et al.352014CaucasianPCRPBBC6422884766026132Y
rs1801275Quan et al.352014AfricanPCRPBBC296490800360522847N
rs1801275Sousa et al.362015CaucasianTaq-ManPBNPC159631643621239Y
rs1801275Liang et al.372017AsianPCR-LDRHBRC84444100432Y
rs1805010Nakamura et al.52002AsianPCR-RFLPHBRC427625849427Y
rs1805010Wu et al.202003AsianPCRHBGC51120495211959Y
rs1805010Ivansson et al.232007CaucasianTaq-ManHBCC3656532679914738Y
rs1805010Landi et al.242007CaucasianTaq-ManHBCRC8314155162262102Y
rs1805010Wiemels et al.382007CaucasianPCR-RFLPHBGlioma1191967214823291Y
rs1805010Gu et al.252008CaucasianPCRPBMelanoma67104435711050Y
rs1805010Zambon et al.262008CaucasianTaq-ManHBGC4910191511N
rs1805010Crusius et al.422008CaucasianPCRPBGC7113439352549249Y
rs1805010Mohan et al.282009CaucasianPCR-RFLPPBRC20121823226Y
rs1805010Ando et al.392009AsianPCR-RFLPHBGC13715637778528Y
rs1805010Chu et al.92012AsianTaq-ManPBUBC213399205305557278Y
rs1805010Wang et al.512012AsianPCR-RFLPPBHL18598511909648N
rs1805010Chu et al.322012AsianTaq-ManPBRC219268133168310145Y
rs1805010Ingram et al.332013MixedTaq-ManPBCRC428700280162295106Y
rs1805010Liang et al.372017AsianPCR-LDRHBRC267630367831Y
rs1805015Schwartzbaum et al.112005CaucasianPCR-RFLPPBGlioma6440428810716Y
rs1805015Ivansson et al.232007CaucasianTaq-ManHBCC871379441769416Y
rs1805015Landi et al.242007CaucasianTaq-ManHBCRC2017373621646N
rs1805015Wiemels et al.382007CaucasianPCR-RFLPHBGlioma274991334111316Y
rs1805015Chu et al.92012AsianTaq-ManPBUBC67314129511827Y
rs1805015Chu et al.322012AsianTaq-ManPBRC5191001527906Y
rs1805015Li et al.122012AsianPCRPBGlioma196300207424Y
rs1805015Ingram et al.332013MixedTaq-ManPBCRC9514425440015818Y
rs1805015Shamran et al.412014CaucasianPCR-RFLPPBGlioma7025517158Y
rs2057768Crusius et al.422008CaucasianPCRPBGC1081161158343391Y
rs2057768Wilkening et al.432008CaucasianTaq-ManPBCRC1501391829623847Y
rs2057768Burada et al.442012CaucasianTaq-ManHBGC5340121448513Y

CRC: Colorectal cancer; GC: Gastric cancer; BC: Breast cancer; UBC: Bladder cancer; CC: Cervical cancer; PC: Pancreatic cancer; RC: Renal cancer; NPC: nasopharyngeal carcinoma; HL: Hodgkin's lymphoma; H-B: Hospital based; P-B: Population based; HWE: Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium

Table 2

Results of meta-analysis for polymorphisms in and cancer susceptibility.

PolymorphismsComparisionSubgroupN PHPZPadjustRandomFixed
rs1801275B VS AOverall260.0010.5881.0000.980(0.910-1.055)1.007(0.963-1.053)
B VS ACaucasian140.0890.9831.0000.998(0.909-1.095)0.999(0.933-1.070)
B VS AAsian90.0030.1871.0000.889(0.747-1.059)0.939(0.857-1.029)
B VS AMixed20.0280.8081.0001.035(0.783-1.369)1.054(0.929-1.194)
B VS APB150.0190.5461.0000.974(0.893-1.062)1.010(0.956-1.067)
B VS AHB110.0030.9831.0000.998(0.866-1.151)1.000(0.925-1.082)
B VS ACC20.6270.0881.0000.850(0.704-1.026)0.849(0.704-1.025)
B VS ARC40.0550.5221.0001.036(0.752-1.426)1.055(0.895-1.243)
B VS AGC20.6720.5011.0000.890(0.631-1.254)0.733(0.281-1.914)
B VS ABC30.0440.5371.0001.047(0.904-1.213)1.060(0.981-1.144)
B VS AGlioma50.1190.1461.0000.898(0.768-1.048)0.925(0.832-1.028)
B VS ACRC30.0020.4971.0000.874(0.591-1.291)1.036(0.909-1.182)
B VS APC20.0150.4621.0001.340(0.615-2.922)1.277(0.928-1.757)
B VS AUBC20.2090.7611.0000.977(0.832-1.147)0.980(0.863-1.114)
B VS APCR90.030.6131.0000.971(0.866-1.089)1.024(0.959-1.094)
B VS APCR-RFLP70.0130.3381.0001.111(0.895-1.379)1.040(0.925-1.171)
B VS ATaq-Man80.2220.9691.0000.992(0.908-1.084)0.999(0.928-1.075)
B VS AY220.0020.6581.0000.981(0.901-1.068)1.002(0.950-1.057)
B VS AN40.0350.6951.0000.963(0.799-1.162)1.018(0.937-1.106)
BA VS AAOverall260.0030.1811.0000.941(0.860-1.029)0.971(0.916-1.030)
BA VS AACaucasian140.40.1741.0000.940(0.860-1.029)0.942(0.865-1.027)
BA VS AAAsian90.0020.3621.0000.907(0.735-1.119)0.963(0.865-1.073)
BA VS AAMixed20.0080.861.0000.963(0.636-1.458)0.989(0.847-1.154)
BA VS AAPB150.0090.1421.0000.914(0.812-1.031)0.955(0.886-1.030)
BA VS AAHB110.050.7511.0000.977(0.847-1.127)0.998(0.908-1.097)
BA VS AACC20.6230.6991.0000.953(0.746-1.217)0.953(0.746-1.217)
BA VS AARC40.1430.1271.0001.146(0.831-1.579)1.166(0.957-1.419)
BA VS AAGC20.7540.7341.0000.935(0.631-1.384)0.934(0.631-1.383)
BA VS AABC30.020.9271.0001.011(0.801-1.275)1.019(0.906-1.145)
BA VS AAGlioma50.0470.2971.0000.892(0.719-1.106)0.942(0.829-1.070)
BA VS AACRC30.0010.3781.0000.801(0.490-1.312)0.990(0.841-1.165)
BA VS AAPC20.4780.121.0000.713(0.462-1.101)0.710(0.461-1.093)
BA VS AAUBC20.080.2421.0000.899(0.684-1.180)0.912(0.782-1.064)
BA VS AAPCR90.0920.8561.0000.973(0.852-1.110)1.009(0.919-1.107)
BA VS AAPCR-RFLP70.0710.1271.0000.889(0.703-1.124)0.891(0.768-1.034)
BA VS AATaq-Man80.1450.7461.0000.978(0.868-1.101)0.985(0.899-1.079)
BA VS AAY220.0220.3781.0000.959(0.873-1.053)0.985(0.923-1.052)
BA VS AAN40.0090.2581.0000.838(0.616-1.139)0.918(0.803-1.048)
BB VS AAOverall260.0460.2331.0001.110(0.935-1.319)1.127(1.006-1.261)
BB VS AACaucasian140.0190.2761.0001.172(0.881-1.561)1.145(0.951-1.377)
BB VS AAAsian90.3170.5271.0000.903(0.634-1.285)0.907(0.672-1.226)
BB VS AAMixed20.6560.1141.0001.341(0.928-1.938)1.345(0.931-1.941)
BB VS AAPB110.3360.0481.0001.131(0.966-1.323)1.138(1.001-1.295)
BB VS AAHB150.0140.4851.0001.158(0.767-1.748)1.088(0.860-1.377)
BB VS AACC20.6380.0220.4400.584(0.366-0.933)0.581(0.364-0.925)
BB VS AARC40.2540.6571.0001.299(0.629-2.684)1.123(0.673-1.873)
BB VS AAGC20.960.4571.0000.606(0.161-2.275)0.605(0.161-2.271)
BB VS AABC30.5240.0430.8601.180(1.005-1.386)1.181(1.006-1.386)
BB VS AAGlioma50.5790.2121.0000.819(0.590-1.136)0.812(0.586-1.126)
BB VS AACRC30.4660.2591.0001.231(0.842-1.798)1.240(0.853-1.803)
BB VS AAPC20.0160.2391.0003.333(0.449-24.745)3.452(1.564-7.617)
BB VS AAUBC20.9750.3151.0001.222(0.827-1.807)1.222(0.827-1.807)
BB VS AAPCR90.2250.2121.0001.039(0.815-1.324)1.100(0.947-1.277)
BB VS AAPCR-RFLP70.0210.0521.0001.765(0.995-3.130)1.551(1.124-2.140)
BB VS AATaq-Man80.4090.7471.0001.022(0.826-1.263)1.035(0.840-1.275)
BB VS AAY220.0270.5161.0001.076(0.862-1.343)1.092(0.936-1.273)
BB VS AAN40.5040.0661.0001.173(0.993-1.386)1.169(0.990-1.382)
BA+BB VS AAOverall260.0030.3821.0000.963(0.884-1.048)0.990(0.936-1.047)
BA+BB VS AACaucasian140.5240.4271.0000.968(0.891-1.050)0.967(0.891-1.050)
BA+BB VS AAAsian90.0010.3641.0000.908(0.736-1.119)0.958(0.863-1.063)
BA+BB VS AAMixed20.010.9931.0000.998(0.676-1.474)1.023(0.881-1.187)
BA+BB VS AAPB110.0080.2491.0000.935(0.835-1.048)0.980(0.913-1.052)
BA+BB VS AAHB150.0520.8771.0001.001(0.873-1.148)1.007(0.920-1.103)
BA+BB VS AACC20.6110.3081.0000.887(0.703-1.118)0.886(0.703-1.118)
BA+BB VS AARC40.1360.1151.0001.171(0.857-1.599)1.165(0.964-1.409)
BA+BB VS AAGC20.7050.6111.0000.906(0.617-1.330)0.905(0.616-1.329)
BA+BB VS AABC30.0170.7461.0001.037(0.833-1.292)1.051(0.943-1.171)
BA+BB VS AAGlioma50.0570.2221.0000.881(0.719-1.078)0.926(0.819-1.047)
BA+BB VS AACRC30.0010.4281.0000.822(0.506-1.334)1.014(0.867-1.185)
BA+BB VS AAPC20.3410.8931.0000.974(0.659-1.438)0.974(0.659-1.437)
BA+BB VS AAUBC20.1070.4141.0000.929(0.729-1.183)0.940(0.810-1.090)
BA+BB VS AAPCR90.0380.611.0000.965(0.839-1.108)1.018(0.932-1.111)
BA+BB VS AAPCR-RFLP70.1160.5571.0000.987(0.804-1.212)0.959(0.832-1.104)
BA+BB VS AATaq-Man80.1650.841.0000.983(0.880-1.099)0.991(0.908-1.081)
BA+BB VS AAY220.0190.5831.0000.975(0.891-1.067)0.997(0.936-1.062)
BA+BB VS AAN40.0090.3931.0000.883(0.664-1.175)0.963(0.852-1.088)
BB VS BA+AAOverall260.0260.1831.0001.124(0.946-1.335)1.094(0.991-1.207)
BB VS BA+AACaucasian140.0070.1851.0001.226(0.908-1.655)1.175(0.979-1.411)
BB VS BA+AAAsian90.3930.5451.0000.911(0.661-1.257)0.912(0.676-1.230)
BB VS BA+AAMixed20.9590.1131.0001.342(0.932-1.932)1.342(0.933-1.932)
BB VS BA+AAPB110.2970.1111.0001.116(0.956-1.302)1.093(0.980-1.218)
BB VS BA+AAHB150.0070.4191.0001.193(0.778-1.830)1.101(0.873-1.390)
BB VS BA+AACC20.6950.0240.4800.593(0.375-0.938)0.590(0.374-0.931)
BB VS BA+AARC40.2680.7271.0001.264(0.626-2.554)1.095(0.659-1.820)
BB VS BA+AAGC20.9880.4761.0000.619(0.166-2.315)0.619(0.166-2.314)
BB VS BA+AABC30.4140.1681.0001.093(0.963-1.240)1.093(0.963-1.240)
BB VS BA+AAGlioma50.5940.221.0000.823(0.595-1.139)0.817(0.591-1.129)
BB VS BA+AACRC30.710.2821.0001.221(0.839-1.776)1.226(0.846-1.778)
BB VS BA+AAPC20.010.2181.0003.776(0.456-31.263)3.895(1.787-8.491)
BB VS BA+AAUBC20.8330.2271.0001.270(0.861-1.871)1.270(0.862-1.871)
BB VS BA+AAPCR90.3250.4521.0001.030(0.850-1.248)1.047(0.928-1.182)
BB VS BA+AAPCR-RFLP70.010.0351.0001.910(1.047-3.483)1.648(1.201-2.261)
BB VS BA+AATaq-Man80.4010.71.0001.029(0.833-1.271)1.041(0.847-1.281)
BB VS BA+AAY220.0190.4221.0001.096(0.876-1.372)1.101(0.946-1.281)
BB VS BA+AAN40.2710.1961.0001.179(0.908-1.530)1.089(0.957-1.240)
rs1805010B VS AOverall150.0020.4681.0001.034(0.944-1.132)1.012(0.959-1.068)
B VS AAsian70.0510.6091.0000.998(0.883-1.126)0.980(0.908-1.059)
B VS ACaucasian70.0040.2591.0001.107(0.928-1.322)1.068(0.977-1.168)
B VS APCR-RFLP50.0780.2511.0001.109(0.926-1.328)1.071(0.953-1.203)
B VS APCR30.8850.1391.0000.903(0.788-1.034)0.903(0.788-1.034)
B VS ATaq-Man60.0010.4981.0001.055(0.903-1.234)1.018(0.950-1.091)
B VS AHB80.0250.1331.0001.114(0.968-1.282)1.103(1.011-1.203)
B VS APB70.0580.2531.0000.964(0.867-1.071)0.961(0.898-1.029)
B VS ARC40.0010.3581.0001.180(0.829-1.678)0.974(0.859-1.105)
B VS AGC40.0830.4341.0000.987(0.793-1.229)0.949(0.831-1.083)
B VS ACRC20.7580.9891.0001.001(0.892-1.123)1.001(0.892-1.123)
B VS AY130.0050.7041.0001.018(0.929-1.115)1.005(0.951-1.062)
B VS AN20.0330.3291.0001.493(0.667-3.343)1.149(0.919-1.436)
BB VS AAOverall150.0040.5211.0001.061(0.885-1.271)1.024(0.919-1.142)
BB VS AAAsian70.1080.5731.0000.976(0.781-1.220)0.957(0.821-1.116)
BB VS AACaucasian70.0030.2821.0001.227(0.845-1.780)1.140(0.949-1.369)
BB VS AAPCR-RFLP50.0690.3631.0001.192(0.820-1.733)1.115(0.882-1.411)
BB VS AAPCR30.9310.0891.0000.782(0.589-1.039)0.782(0.589-1.038)
BB VS AATaq-Man60.0020.4331.0001.127(0.836-1.520)1.051(0.915-1.208)
BB VS AAHB80.0270.1721.0001.226(0.915-1.643)1.210(1.009-1.451)
BB VS AAPB70.0680.3151.0000.933(0.758-1.148)0.933(0.814-1.069)
BB VS AARC40.0030.3241.0001.407(0.714-2.773)0.966(0.752-1.241)
BB VS AAGC40.1240.261.0000.902(0.592-1.376)0.852(0.645-1.126)
BB VS AACRC20.8440.8941.0001.016(0.801-1.289)1.016(0.801-1.289)
BB VS AAY130.0060.7341.0001.033(0.857-1.244)1.009(0.902-1.130)
BB VS AAN20.0620.2861.0001.848(0.498-6.859)1.255(0.827-1.904)
BA VS AAOverall150.0610.9871.0001.019(0.904-1.148)1.001(0.917-1.092)
BA VS AAAsian70.0250.8381.0001.022(0.828-1.262)0.971(0.856-1.100)
BA VS AACaucasian70.4130.251.0001.087(0.940-1.256)1.088(0.943-1.255)
BA VS AAPCR-RFLP50.3840.3431.0001.090(0.907-1.311)1.090(0.912-1.303)
BA VS AAPCR30.3390.6781.0001.043(0.824-1.321)1.049(0.838-1.312)
BA VS AATaq-Man60.0180.741.0000.966(0.788-1.184)0.945(0.844-1.058)
BA VS AAHB80.6370.0490.9801.150(0.999-1.322)1.151(1.001-1.323)
BA VS AAPB70.0730.1231.0000.913(0.773-1.078)0.916(0.820-1.024)
BA VS AARC40.0040.9761.0000.992(0.583-1.688)0.855(0.697-1.050)
BA VS AAGC40.5060.2321.0001.136(0.918-1.407)1.139(0.920-1.409)
BA VS AACRC20.4470.5411.0000.943(0.782-1.138)0.943(0.782-1.137)
BA VS AAY130.0570.8721.0001.008(0.889-1.143)0.993(0.907-1.086)
BA VS AAN20.1620.5091.0001.381(0.575-3.316)1.119(0.801-1.564)
BA+BB VS AAOverall150.0180.5761.0001.036(0.916-1.172)1.010(0.931-1.096)
BA+BB VS AAAsian70.0130.8621.0001.019(0.828-1.254)0.969(0.863-1.090)
BA+BB VS AACaucasian70.2080.1451.0001.103(0.930-1.308)1.106(0.966-1.267)
BA+BB VS AAPCR-RFLP50.3950.2461.0001.102(0.932-1.303)1.103(0.935-1.300)
BA+BB VS AAPCR30.4820.741.0000.964(0.778-1.195)0.965(0.779-1.194)
BA+BB VS AATaq-Man60.0020.891.0001.016(0.809-1.277)0.975(0.876-1.085)
BA+BB VS AAHB80.210.0230.5601.173(0.997-1.381)1.167(1.022-1.332)
BA+BB VS AAPB70.1050.1391.0000.926(0.800-1.073)0.925(0.833-1.026)
BA+BB VS AARC40.0020.6411.0001.133(0.670-1.918)0.897(0.741-1.087)
BA+BB VS AAGC40.2590.6091.0001.059(0.825-1.359)1.054(0.861-1.290)
BA+BB VS AACRC20.5130.6771.0000.963(0.806-1.150)0.963(0.806-1.150)
BA+BB VS AAY130.0260.7611.0001.020(0.899-1.157)0.999(0.917-1.088)
BA+BB VS AAN20.0670.3471.0001.644(0.536-5.038)1.152(0.858-1.545)
BB VS BA+AAOverall150.020.6411.0001.035(0.897-1.194)1.025(0.933-1.126)
BB VS BA+AAAsian70.6620.7731.0000.981(0.859-1.119)0.981(0.860-1.119)
BB VS BA+AACaucasian70.0010.3561.0001.174(0.835-1.651)1.073(0.915-1.257)
BB VS BA+AAPCR-RFLP50.040.4641.0001.149(0.793-1.664)1.068(0.862-1.324)
BB VS BA+AAPCR30.7380.030.60.770(0.605-0.979)0.767(0.604-0.974)
BB VS BA+AATaq-Man60.0770.1691.0001.114(0.927-1.340)1.087(0.965-1.225)
BB VS BA+AAHB80.0780.2091.0001.100(0.877-1.380)1.106(0.945-1.295)
BB VS BA+AAPB70.0430.8671.0000.984(0.813-1.191)0.982(0.874-1.104)
BB VS BA+AARC40.0270.2731.0001.309(0.809-2.119)1.063(0.856-1.321)
BB VS BA+AAGC40.1910.0480.9600.819(0.592-1.133)0.785(0.617-0.998)
BB VS BA+AACRC20.8340.6131.0001.054(0.858-1.295)1.054(0.859-1.295)
BB VS BA+AAY130.0180.8231.0001.017(0.875-1.183)1.015(0.922-1.118)
BB VS BA+AAN20.1760.3751.0001.366(0.668-2.793)1.196(0.805-1.776)
rs1805015B VS AOverall9<0.0010.4081.0000.928(0.777-1.108)0.981(0.897-1.072)
B VS ACaucasian50.0010.3531.0000.863(0.633-1.177)0.903(0.792-1.031)
B VS AAsian30.2020.6891.0000.943(0.754-1.179)0.967(0.819-1.141)
B VS APCR-RFLP3<0.0010.5761.0000.831(0.435-1.589)1.002(0.820-1.224)
B VS ATaq-Man50.0990.9281.0000.980(0.847-1.134)0.995(0.899-1.102)
B VS APB6<0.0010.5281.0000.918(0.703-1.198)1.034(0.923-1.157)
B VS AHB30.2070.151.0000.903(0.752-1.085)0.899(0.777-1.039)
B VS AGlioma4<0.0010.3641.0000.788(0.472-1.317)0.936(0.778-1.125)
B VS ACRC20.1830.2881.0001.063(0.856-1.318)1.085(0.933-1.261)
B VS AY8<0.0010.4361.0000.923(0.755-1.129)0.988(0.899-1.085)
BB VS AAOverall90.0140.1721.0000.688(0.403-1.176)0.788(0.589-1.056)
BB VS AACaucasian50.0190.4071.0000.743(0.368-1.501)0.745(0.507-1.093)
BB VS AAAsian30.6860.0140.2800.256(0.080-0.818)0.240(0.076-0.752)
BB VS AAPCR-RFLP30.0240.3721.0000.593(0.189-1.867)0.714(0.410-1.243)
BB VS AATaq-Man50.0470.5271.0000.807(0.415-1.570)0.867(0.610-1.234)
BB VS AAPB60.0130.0981.0000.461(0.184-1.152)0.741(0.500-1.098)
BB VS AAHB30.0930.4681.0000.942(0.467-1.900)0.851(0.549-1.317)
BB VS AAGlioma40.0310.2131.0000.503(0.170-1.484)0.640(0.374-1.095)
BB VS AACRC20.4170.1941.0001.395(0.855-2.276)1.386(0.847-2.270)
BB VS AAY80.0250.0721.0000.602(0.346-1.046)0.731(0.540-0.989)
BA VS AAOverall90.0210.9681.0001.003(0.849-1.185)1.028(0.926-1.141)
BA VS AACaucasian50.0110.6511.0000.931(0.682-1.271)0.933(0.795-1.096)
BA VS AAAsian30.3780.5521.0001.056(0.884-1.262)1.055(0.884-1.261)
BA VS AAPCR-RFLP30.0120.9921.0001.003(0.551-1.824)1.132(0.885-1.447)
BA VS AATaq-Man50.1340.7061.0001.007(0.859-1.181)1.023(0.909-1.151)
BA VS AAPB60.0440.5221.0001.074(0.863-1.338)1.113(0.978-1.267)
BA VS AAHB30.3010.1861.0000.889(0.734-1.078)0.889(0.746-1.059)
BA VS AAGlioma40.0120.8141.0000.946(0.595-1.504)1.046(0.839-1.305)
BA VS AACRC20.0540.6221.0000.991(0.682-1.440)1.046(0.875-1.250)
BA VS AAY80.030.7041.0001.035(0.868-1.234)1.058(0.948-1.182)
BA+BB VS AAOverall90.0030.6831.0000.962(0.801-1.157)1.004(0.908-1.110)
BA+BB VS AACaucasian50.0020.4771.0000.885(0.632-1.240)0.911(0.781-1.062)
BA+BB VS AAAsian30.2720.9021.0000.998(0.809-1.231)1.011(0.848-1.205)
BA+BB VS AAPCR-RFLP30.0010.7381.0000.889(0.446-1.773)1.069(0.847-1.351)
BA+BB VS AATaq-Man50.1090.8771.0000.992(0.844-1.165)1.009(0.900-1.132)
BA+BB VS AAPB60.0040.961.0000.993(0.765-1.291)1.078(0.950-1.222)
BA+BB VS AAHB30.2580.1541.0000.886(0.728-1.079)0.885(0.748-1.047)
BA+BB VS AAGlioma40.0010.5351.0000.845(0.496-1.440)0.987(0.799-1.219)
BA+BB VS AACRC20.0830.4331.0001.025(0.740-1.420)1.072(0.902-1.274)
BA+BB VS AAY80.0020.8141.0000.976(0.796-1.197)1.024(0.920-1.139)
BB VS BA+AAOverall90.0390.181.0000.717(0.441-1.167)0.788(0.590-1.052)
BB VS BA+AACaucasian50.0490.4141.0000.772(0.415-1.437)0.764(0.523-1.115)
BB VS BA+AAAsian30.6990.0140.2800.254(0.080-0.812)0.239(0.076-0.749)
BB VS BA+AAPCR-RFLP30.080.2211.0000.625(0.249-1.571)0.710(0.411-1.228)
BB VS BA+AATaq-Man50.0580.4251.0000.823(0.433-1.566)0.867(0.611-1.231)
BB VS BA+AAPB60.0410.0861.0000.493(0.220-1.105)0.723(0.489-1.068)
BB VS BA+AAHB30.1010.5451.0000.970(0.489-1.922)0.875(0.567-1.349)
BB VS BA+AAGlioma40.0940.0991.0000.549(0.225-1.341)0.640(0.376-1.088)
BB VS BA+AACRC20.320.2341.0001.357(0.834-2.208)1.347(0.825-2.202)
BB VS BA+AAY80.0810.0380.7600.639(0.395-1.033)0.727(0.539-0.982)
rs2057768B VS AOverall30.1910.2181.0001.115(0.923-1.348)1.093(0.949-1.260)
B VS ATaq-Man20.070.3051.0001.178(0.806-1.721)1.102(0.915-1.327)
B VS APB20.6060.6441.0001.037(0.889-1.210)1.037(0.889-1.210)
B VS AGC20.1520.0951.0001.218(0.907-1.638)1.173(0.973-1.414)
BB VS AAOverall30.0320.961.0001.019(0.488-2.129)0.898(0.616-1.307)
BB VS AATaq-Man20.0220.6421.0001.321(0.408-4.274)1.078(0.676-1.717)
BB VS AAPB20.7420.1171.0000.709(0.459-1.095)0.707(0.458-1.090)
BB VS AAGC20.0130.7451.0001.245(0.331-4.678)1.024(0.625-1.678)
BA VS AAOverall30.5520.0090.1801.288(1.067-1.555)1.288(1.067-1.554)
BA VS AATaq-Man20.720.1831.0001.183(0.924-1.516)1.183(0.924-1.516)
BA VS AAPB20.2760.0150.3001.290(1.032-1.611)1.289(1.051-1.581)
BA VS AAGC20.6720.0080.1601.401(1.091-1.798)1.401(1.091-1.798)
BA+BB VS AAOverall30.4950.0280.5601.226(1.023-1.470)1.226(1.023-1.470)
BA+BB VS AATaq-Man20.3030.1911.0001.176(0.918-1.507)1.171(0.924-1.484)
BA+BB VS AAPB20.3580.0841.0001.190(0.977-1.450)1.190(0.977-1.450)
BA+BB VS AAGC20.7250.0160.3201.343(1.056-1.709)1.343(1.056-1.709)
BB VS BA+AAOverall30.0210.821.0000.916(0.429-1.955)0.797(0.553-1.148)
BB VS BA+AATaq-Man20.0210.7341.0001.219(0.389-3.820)0.998(0.635-1.569)
BB VS BA+AAPB20.5570.0310.6100.634(0.415-0.967)0.628(0.412-0.957)
BB VS BA+AAGC20.0070.9041.0001.090(0.268-4.429)0.870(0.539-1.403)

P: P value of Q test for heterogeneity test; P: means statistically significant (P < 0.05); P: Multiple testing P value according to Bonferroni Correction; CRC: Colorectal cancer; GC: Gastric cancer; BC: Breast cancer; UBC: Bladder cancer; CC: Cervical cancer; PC: Pancreatic cancer; RC: Renal cancer; NPC: nasopharyngeal carcinoma; HL: Hodgkin's lymphoma; H-B: Hospital based; P-B: Population based; HWE: Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium; P value less than 0.05*(4 polymorphisms* 5 models) was considered as statistically significant, which was marked with bold font in the table). Note: Heterogeneity was considered to be significant when the P-value was less than 0.1. If there was no significant heterogeneity, a fixed effect model (Der-Simonian Laird) was used to evaluate the point estimates and 95% CI; otherwise, a random effects model (Der-Simonian Laird) was used. And the Pz was calculated based on the actual model adopted.

  1 in total

1.  Association between ACE A240T polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis.

Authors:  Yingjun Xiao; Zheqing Dong; Ji Zhu; Jinbiao You; Jun Fan
Journal:  J Int Med Res       Date:  2019-11-06       Impact factor: 1.671
  1 in total

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