Katherine A S Gallagher1, Daniel DeSalvo2, Justin Gregory3, Marisa E Hilliard4. 1. Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, 6701 Fannin Street, Suite 1630, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. 2. Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, 6701 Fannin Street, Suite 1020, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. 3. Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1500 21st Ave, Suite 1514, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA. 4. Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Ave, Suite 940, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. marisa.hilliard@bcm.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Given the challenges achieving recommended glycemic targets in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D), providers may consider recommending carbohydrate-restricted diets (CRDs) to optimize glycemic control. The goal of the present review is to describe relevant literature on the potential medical and psychosocial benefits and risks of CRDs in youth with T1D. RECENT FINDINGS: Limited data exist on the effects of CRDs in pediatric populations. Findings from studies with youth and adults are mixed; some indicate that CRDs may be associated with desirable medical outcomes, such as improved glycemic control and reduced HbA1c, which may contribute to positive psychological outcomes such as reduced diabetes distress and depressive symptoms. Others suggest that CRDs may also be associated with detrimental outcomes, including mineral deficiencies and suboptimal growth, and dietary restriction has been linked to greater diabetes distress, disordered eating, and diabetes management. More research is needed to evaluate benefits and risks of CRDs in youth. Providers should exercise caution when discussing CRDs with youth and families, particularly when considering CRDs for youth at elevated risk for eating disordered behavior.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Given the challenges achieving recommended glycemic targets in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D), providers may consider recommending carbohydrate-restricted diets (CRDs) to optimize glycemic control. The goal of the present review is to describe relevant literature on the potential medical and psychosocial benefits and risks of CRDs in youth with T1D. RECENT FINDINGS: Limited data exist on the effects of CRDs in pediatric populations. Findings from studies with youth and adults are mixed; some indicate that CRDs may be associated with desirable medical outcomes, such as improved glycemic control and reduced HbA1c, which may contribute to positive psychological outcomes such as reduced diabetes distress and depressive symptoms. Others suggest that CRDs may also be associated with detrimental outcomes, including mineral deficiencies and suboptimal growth, and dietary restriction has been linked to greater diabetes distress, disordered eating, and diabetes management. More research is needed to evaluate benefits and risks of CRDs in youth. Providers should exercise caution when discussing CRDs with youth and families, particularly when considering CRDs for youth at elevated risk for eating disordered behavior.
Entities:
Keywords:
Glycemic control; Nutrition; Pediatric; Psychosocial; Type 1 diabetes
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