John B Jemmott1, Jingwen Zhang2, Loretta S Jemmott3, Larry D Icard4, Zolani Ngwane5, Monde Makiwane6, Ann O'Leary7. 1. Annenberg School for Communication and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Electronic address: jjemmott@asc.upenn.edu. 2. Department of Communication, University of California, Davis, California. 3. College of Nursing and Health Professionals, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 4. College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 5. Department of Anthropology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania. 6. Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa. 7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Scant research has investigated whether health promotion interventions have sustained effects in increasing physical activity and healthful diet among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa, which is experiencing an epidemiological transition from infectious diseases to noncommunicable diseases as leading causes of mortality. We examined whether an intervention increased adherence to 5-a-day diet and physical activity guidelines during a 54-month postintervention period among South African adolescents and whether its effects weakened at long-term (42 and 54 months postintervention) compared with short-term (3, 6, and 12 months postintervention) follow-up. METHODS: We randomized 18 randomly selected schools serving grade 6 learners (mean age = 12.6) in a township and a semirural area in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, to one of the two 12-hour interventions: health promotion, targeting healthful diet and physical activity; attention-matched control, targeting sexual risk behaviors. We tested the intervention's effects on adherence to 5-a-day diet and physical activity guidelines using generalized estimating equations logistic regression models adjusting for baseline behavior and clustering within schools. RESULTS: Health promotion intervention participants had higher odds of meeting 5-a-day diet and physical activity guidelines than control participants. The effect on 5-a-day diet did not weaken at long-term compared with short-term follow-up, but the effect on physical activity guidelines was weaker at long-term follow-up, mainly because of a reduced effect on muscle-strengthening physical activity. The intervention also increased health promotion attitude and intention and health knowledge and reduced binge drinking compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: A 12-hour intervention in grade 6 shows promise in increasing self-reported adherence to healthful diet and physical activity guidelines during a 4.5-year postintervention period among South African adolescents.
PURPOSE: Scant research has investigated whether health promotion interventions have sustained effects in increasing physical activity and healthful diet among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa, which is experiencing an epidemiological transition from infectious diseases to noncommunicable diseases as leading causes of mortality. We examined whether an intervention increased adherence to 5-a-day diet and physical activity guidelines during a 54-month postintervention period among South African adolescents and whether its effects weakened at long-term (42 and 54 months postintervention) compared with short-term (3, 6, and 12 months postintervention) follow-up. METHODS: We randomized 18 randomly selected schools serving grade 6 learners (mean age = 12.6) in a township and a semirural area in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, to one of the two 12-hour interventions: health promotion, targeting healthful diet and physical activity; attention-matched control, targeting sexual risk behaviors. We tested the intervention's effects on adherence to 5-a-day diet and physical activity guidelines using generalized estimating equations logistic regression models adjusting for baseline behavior and clustering within schools. RESULTS: Health promotion intervention participants had higher odds of meeting 5-a-day diet and physical activity guidelines than control participants. The effect on 5-a-day diet did not weaken at long-term compared with short-term follow-up, but the effect on physical activity guidelines was weaker at long-term follow-up, mainly because of a reduced effect on muscle-strengthening physical activity. The intervention also increased health promotion attitude and intention and health knowledge and reduced binge drinking compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: A 12-hour intervention in grade 6 shows promise in increasing self-reported adherence to healthful diet and physical activity guidelines during a 4.5-year postintervention period among South African adolescents.
Authors: Nabila El-Bassel; John B Jemmott; J Richard Landis; Willo Pequegnat; Gina M Wingood; Gail Elizabeth Wyatt; Scarlett L Bellamy Journal: Arch Intern Med Date: 2011-04-25
Authors: B F Stanton; X Li; J Kahihuata; A M Fitzgerald; S Neumbo; G Kanduuombe; I B Ricardo; J S Galbraith; N Terreri; I Guevara; H Shipena; J Strijdom; R Clemens; R F Zimba Journal: AIDS Date: 1998-12-24 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: Beatrice Nojilana; Debbie Bradshaw; Victoria Pillay-van Wyk; William Msemburi; Nontuthuzelo Somdyala; Jané D Joubert; Pamela Groenewald; Ria Laubscher; Rob E Dorrington Journal: S Afr Med J Date: 2016-04-01
Authors: John B Jemmott; Loretta S Jemmott; Ann O'Leary; Zolani Ngwane; Larry Icard; Scarlett Bellamy; Shasta Jones; J Richard Landis; G Anita Heeren; Joanne C Tyler; Monde B Makiwane Journal: Psychol Health Date: 2011-02
Authors: John B Jemmott; Loretta S Jemmott; Zolani Ngwane; Jingwen Zhang; G Anita Heeren; Larry D Icard; Ann O'Leary; Xoliswa Mtose; Anne Teitelman; Craig Carty Journal: Prev Med Date: 2014-04-13 Impact factor: 4.018
Authors: Carina Ferreira-Borges; Jürgen Rehm; Sónia Dias; Thomas Babor; Charles D H Parry Journal: Trop Med Int Health Date: 2015-11-05 Impact factor: 2.622
Authors: Nelia P Steyn; Anniza de Villiers; Nomonde Gwebushe; Catherine E Draper; Jillian Hill; Marina de Waal; Lucinda Dalais; Zulfa Abrahams; Carl Lombard; Estelle V Lambert Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2015-09-23 Impact factor: 3.295