BACKGROUND: Peripheral blood sampling for detection of EGFR T790M in cell-free circulating tumour (ct) DNA in TKI-resistant EGFR mutant (EGFRm) lung cancer is now standard. The value of more comprehensive sequencing is unknown. METHODS: Prospective ctDNA analysis in patients with EGFRm NSCLC was performed using a next generation sequencing (NGS) panel of regions of 11 genes detecting single nucleotide variants and small insertions/deletions at ≥0.1% variant allele frequency (VAF) was performed. Patients were grouped according to treatment phase, including: (A) pre EGFR-TKI, (B) stable or responding to EGFR-TKI, (C) radiographic progression during EGFR-TKI, and (D) during chemotherapy treatment. RESULTS: Seventy-two patients with stage IV EGFRm NSCLC were enrolled and first blood samples were analysed. Primary sensitizing mutations in del19 or L858R were present in 66 (92%) and uncommon EGFRm in 6 (8%). Mutations in ctDNA were found in 53 samples (74%). T790M was detected in 3 of 4 patients with T790M-negative tissue. Other co-occurring EGFRm were found in 10 patients (7%) including K745R during first-line osimertinib. TP53 (n = 10), KRAS (n = 1), PI3KCA (n = 1) and ALK (n = 3) gene mutations also were detected. The presence of an EGFRm (excluding T790M) was associated with untreated or progressive disease, p = 0.04. In TKI-treated patients without radiologic progression, median progression free survival (PFS) was 10 months versus 2.1 months (HR 2.22, 95% CI: 0.89-5.54, p = 0.08) if an EGFRm in ctDNA was detected. If T790M was present in ctDNA, median PFS was 3.0 months versus 9.7 months (HR 4.59, 95% CI: 1.43-14.73, p = 0.005). High % VAF of both EGFRm and T790M correlated with inferior PFS (p = 0.01 and p = 0.03 respectively). CONCLUSION: In addition to the emergence of resistance mutations, the presence of the primary or co-occurring EGFRm in patients receiving EGFR-TKIs may associate with shorter PFS and may be useful in longitudinal analyses of ctDNA to direct therapy.
BACKGROUND: Peripheral blood sampling for detection of EGFR T790M in cell-free circulating tumour (ct) DNA in TKI-resistant EGFR mutant (EGFRm) lung cancer is now standard. The value of more comprehensive sequencing is unknown. METHODS: Prospective ctDNA analysis in patients with EGFRm NSCLC was performed using a next generation sequencing (NGS) panel of regions of 11 genes detecting single nucleotide variants and small insertions/deletions at ≥0.1% variant allele frequency (VAF) was performed. Patients were grouped according to treatment phase, including: (A) pre EGFR-TKI, (B) stable or responding to EGFR-TKI, (C) radiographic progression during EGFR-TKI, and (D) during chemotherapy treatment. RESULTS: Seventy-two patients with stage IV EGFRm NSCLC were enrolled and first blood samples were analysed. Primary sensitizing mutations in del19 or L858R were present in 66 (92%) and uncommon EGFRm in 6 (8%). Mutations in ctDNA were found in 53 samples (74%). T790M was detected in 3 of 4 patients with T790M-negative tissue. Other co-occurring EGFRm were found in 10 patients (7%) including K745R during first-line osimertinib. TP53 (n = 10), KRAS (n = 1), PI3KCA (n = 1) and ALK (n = 3) gene mutations also were detected. The presence of an EGFRm (excluding T790M) was associated with untreated or progressive disease, p = 0.04. In TKI-treated patients without radiologic progression, median progression free survival (PFS) was 10 months versus 2.1 months (HR 2.22, 95% CI: 0.89-5.54, p = 0.08) if an EGFRm in ctDNA was detected. If T790M was present in ctDNA, median PFS was 3.0 months versus 9.7 months (HR 4.59, 95% CI: 1.43-14.73, p = 0.005). High % VAF of both EGFRm and T790M correlated with inferior PFS (p = 0.01 and p = 0.03 respectively). CONCLUSION: In addition to the emergence of resistance mutations, the presence of the primary or co-occurring EGFRm in patients receiving EGFR-TKIs may associate with shorter PFS and may be useful in longitudinal analyses of ctDNA to direct therapy.
Authors: Kelly Dufraing; Kaat Van Casteren; Joke Breyne; Nicky D'Haene; Claude Van Campenhout; Sara Vander Borght; Karen Zwaenepoel; Etienne Rouleau; Ed Schuuring; Jan von der Thüsen; Elisabeth Dequeker Journal: BMC Cancer Date: 2022-07-06 Impact factor: 4.638
Authors: Frederik van Delft; Hendrik Koffijberg; Valesca Retèl; Michel van den Heuvel; Maarten IJzerman Journal: Cancers (Basel) Date: 2020-04-30 Impact factor: 6.639
Authors: Hai T Tran; Vincent K Lam; Yasir Y Elamin; Lingzhi Hong; Rivka Colen; Nabil A Elshafeey; Islam S A Hassan; Mehmet Altan; George R Blumenschein; Waree Rinsurongkawong; Melvin J Rivera; Mayra E Vasquez; Brett W Carter; Lauren E Byers; Anne S Tsao; Don L Gibbons; Frank Fossella; Bonnie S Glisson; Jianjun Zhang; John V Heymach Journal: JCO Precis Oncol Date: 2021-08-05